利用太阳能驱动的一体化氧化沟的运行方式

污水处理的高能耗和新能源利用已引起人们的关注,本文根据太阳光照强度的周期变化和农村污水昼夜排放量悬殊的特征,提出了一种新型的利用无蓄电池太阳能光伏系统驱动的污水生物处理系统,可有效降低太阳能光伏系统的成本。生物反应器是一个双沟式一体化氧化沟。按照启动的用电设备的数量,一体化氧化沟具有5种运行方式。在不同的运行方式下,一体化氧化沟的内沟和外沟具有不同的功能,其中运行方式3到运行方式5对污染物去除效率最高。采用阶梯型电量输出模式,可以充分利用太阳能,并保障一体化氧化沟的高效运行时间。在160 d的连续运行实验中,COD、氨氮、总氮和总磷的平均去除率分别为87.8%、98.4%、68.7%和80.3%。证明无蓄电池太阳能光伏系统驱动污水生物反应器处理农村分散污水是可行的。

Operation modes of integrated oxidation ditch utilizing solar energy as power for treatment of rural wastewater

High energy consumption of wastewater treatment and application of new energy have caused an increasing concern. According to the period changes of solar radiation intensity and the characteristics of rural wastewater with large difference on discharge flow rate in day and night, an innovative biological wastewater treatment system utilizing solar energy as power was developed, which consists of an integrated oxidation ditch with double channels and a photovoltaic (PV) system without storage battery. The cost of the PV system can be reduced because of without storage battery. According to the number of the facilities used, five operation modes of the integrated oxidation ditch were devised in this paper. The outer and inner channels of the integrated oxidation ditch have diverse function for wastewater treatment under each operation mode, in which the highest efficiencies of pollutants removal in the integrated oxidation ditch were obtained at mode 3 to mode 5. A step power output mode was used to utilize the solar energy as good as possible and ensure efficient operation of the integrated oxidation ditch. During operation period of 160 days, the average removal efficiencies of 87.8% COD, 98.4% NH₄⁺-N, 68.7% TN and 80.3% TP were obtained in the integrated oxidation ditch, respectively. This result demonstrates that it is feasible to drive the facilities for rural wastewater treatment by the PV system without storage battery.