次级河流水污染事件应急处置程序及环境损害评估技术路线

近年来,随着我国经济的发展,次级河流突发性水污染事件频繁发生,对生态环境及居民生活造成了严重的影响。次级河流突发性水污染事件发生后,为减少污染造成的损失和影响,保证受损的环境资源得到恢复和补偿,不仅要立即采取行之有效的应急处置措施,而且应当积极开展环境损害鉴定评估工作,全面追究污染者的环境责任。根据次级河流本身的特点,结合各省市在环境应急处置过程中的具体做法,建立了一套应对突发性次级河流水污染事件的应急处置工作程序;阐述了环境损害鉴定评估的必要性、工作方法和技术路线,同时从受损环境资源的确认、污染源和污染物的识别以及暴露途径的建立3个方面构建了开展次级河流突发性水污染事件环境损害鉴定评估工作的因果关系链条,对实际开展相关工作具有重要意义。

Emergency response procedures and technique route for environmental damage assessment in sudden tributaries pollution incidents

With the recent development of Chinese economy, sudden water pollution incidents frequently occur in tributaries, resulting a detrimental threat to humans and ecological environment. When sudden incidents of water pollution happen, we should not only take effective emergency measures, but also carry out environmental damage assessment to investigate pollution responsibility, for reducing the pollution and guaranteeing that the damaged environment resources get recovery and compensation. According to characteristics of tributaries and cases of environmental emergency response processes in various provinces, we established a set of emergency procedures to response sudden accidents of tributaries pollution. Also we reviewed the necessity, methods, and technology route of environmental damage assessment, and then built the causation chain, including confirming damaged environmental resources, identifying the contaminants and their sources, and establishing exposure pathway in the process of environmental damage, which has great meaning for the environmental damage assessment in sudden tributaries pollution incidents.