Real-time wet scavenging of major chemical constituents of aerosols and role of rain intensity in Indian region |
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| Authors: | UC Kulshrestha LAK Reddy J Satyanarayana Monika J Kulshrestha |
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| Institution: | aSchool of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India;bIndian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500607, India;cNational Physical Laboratory, New Delhi 110012, India |
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| Abstract: | Real-time simultaneous studies on chemical characteristics of rainwater and PM10 aerosols were carried out to understand the scavenging of major chemical components in Indian region. The concentrations of Ca2+, NH4+, SO42− and NO3− were observed to be lower in the aerosol samples collected during rain as compared to before and after rain events. The most significant reduction was noticed for Ca2+ (74%) during rain which showed highest scavenging ratio (SR) and indicated that below-cloud scavenging is an effective removal process for Ca2+ in Indian region. Among non-sea salt components, Ca2+ had highest SR at Hyderabad indicating typical characteristics of crustal influence as abundance of calcium carbonate in soil dust has been reported in India. However, the levels of these major chemical components gradually got build-up in due course of time. After rain events, the levels of SO42− aerosols were noticed to be substantially higher (more than double) within 24 h. In general, scavenging ratios for all components (except Ca2+, NH4+ and K+) were higher over BOB as compared to Hyderabad. The maximum fall in aerosol levels (BR minus AR) was observed during continuous and low intensity rain events that did not allow building up of aerosol concentrations. |
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| Keywords: | Wet scavenging of aerosols Crustal components Scavenging ratios Anthropogenic aerosols Rain intensity PM10 aerosols |
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