Volatile aldehydes in libraries and archives |
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| Authors: | Ann Fenech Matija Strlič Irena Kralj Cigić Alenka Levart Lorraine T Gibson Gerrit de Bruin Konstantinos Ntanos Jana Kolar May Cassar |
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| Institution: | 1. University College London, Centre for Sustainable Heritage, The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies (Torrington Place site), Gower Street, London WCIE 6BT, UK;2. University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, A?ker?eva 5, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;3. University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;4. Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, WestCHEM, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow GI IXL, UK;5. Nationaal Archief, P.O. Box 90520, 2509 LM, The Hague, The Netherlands;6. National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU, UK;7. National and University Library, Turja?ka 1, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;1. Technical University of Crete, School of Environmental Engineering, 73100 Chania, Greece;2. Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, 73133 Chania, Greece;3. University of Crete, Department of Chemistry, 71003 Heraklion, Greece;4. Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Department of Conservation of Antiquities and Works of Art, 12210 Egaleo, Greece;1. Department of Chemistry, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA;2. Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA;1. Centre for Sustainable Heritage, The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, University College London, 14 Upper Woburn Place, London WC1H 0NN, UK;2. Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy;3. TECNALIA, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, c/Geldo s/n, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio, Spain;4. Istituto Centrale per il Restauro e la Conservazione del Patrimonio Archivistico e Librario, Laboratory of Chemistry, Via Milano 76, 00184 Rome, Italy;5. Fayoum University, Faculty of Archaeology, Restoration Department, P.O. Box 63511, Fayoum, Egypt |
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| Abstract: | Volatile aldehydes are produced during degradation of paper-based materials. This may result in their accumulation in archival and library repositories. However, no systematic study has been performed so far. In the frame of this study, passive sampling was carried out at ten locations in four libraries and archives. Despite the very variable sampling locations, no major differences were found, although air-filtered repositories were found to have lower concentrations while a non-ventilated newspaper repository exhibited the highest concentrations of volatile aldehydes (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, furfural and hexanal). Five employees in one institution were also provided with personal passive samplers to investigate employees’ exposure to volatile aldehydes. All values were lower than the presently valid exposure limits.The concentration of volatile aldehydes, acetic acid, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in general was also compared with that of outdoor-generated pollutants. It was evident that inside the repository and particularly inside archival boxes, the concentration of VOCs and acetic acid was much higher than the concentration of outdoor-generated pollutants, which are otherwise more routinely studied in connection with heritage materials. This indicates that further work on the pro-degradative effect of VOCs on heritage materials is necessary and that monitoring of VOCs in heritage institutions should become more widespread. |
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