The impact of transportation control measures on emission reductions during the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing,China |
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| Authors: | Yu Zhou Ye Wu Liu Yang Lixin Fu Kebin He Shuxiao Wang Jiming Hao Jinchuan Chen Chunyan Li |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland;2. Finnish Meteorological Institute, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland;3. Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio FI-70211, Finland;4. Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre – Cooperation Group “Comprehensive Molecular Analytics”, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 81764 Neuherberg, Germany;5. Joint Mass Spectrometry Centre – Institute of Chemistry, Division of Analytical and Technical Chemistry, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany;6. Nanjing University, School of the Environment, 210023 Nanjing, China;7. Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 81764 Neuherberg, Germany;8. Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland |
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| Abstract: | Traffic congestion and air pollution were two major challenges for the planners of the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing. The Beijing municipal government implemented a package of temporary transportation control measures during the event. In this paper, we report the results of a recent research project that investigated the effects of these measures on urban motor vehicle emissions in Beijing. Bottom–up methodology has been used to develop grid-based emission inventories with micro-scale vehicle activities and speed-dependent emission factors. The urban traffic emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 μm or less (PM10) during the 2008 Olympics were reduced by 55.5%, 56.8%, 45.7% and 51.6%, respectively, as compared to the grid-based emission inventory before the Olympics. Emission intensity was derived from curbside air quality monitoring at the North 4th Ring Road site, located about 7 km from the National Stadium. Comparison between the emission intensity before and during the 2008 Olympics shows a reduction of 44.5% and 49.0% in daily CO and NOx emission from motor vehicles. The results suggest that reasonable traffic system improvement strategies along with vehicle technology improvements can contribute to controlling total motor vehicle emissions in Beijing after the Olympic Games. |
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