Variability of indicator values for ozone production sensitivity: a model study in Switzerland and San Joaquin Valley (California) |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen, Switzerland;2. Atmospheric Sciences Research Center, State University of New York at Albany, USA;1. The University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences, 2225 Speedway, Stop C1160, Austin, TX 78712-1692, United States;2. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80307, United States;1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Key Laboratory for Aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2. Jiaxing Environmental Monitoring Station, Jiaxing 314000, China;1. University of Washington Bothell, School of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA, 98011, USA;2. University of Washington, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, 408 ATG Building, Box 351640, Seattle, WA, 98195-1640, USA;1. A.M. Dunker, LLC, 727 Robinhood Circle, Bloomfield Hills, MI 48304, USA;2. ENVIRON International Corporation, 773 San Marin Drive, Suite 2115, Novato, CA 94998, USA;1. Institute of Anticancer Agents Development and Theranostic Application, the Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis and Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China;2. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | The threshold values of indicator species and ratios delineating the transition between NOx and VOC sensitivity of ozone formation are assumed to be universal by various investigators. However, our previous studies suggested that threshold values might vary according to the locations and conditions. In this study, threshold values derived from various model simulations at two different locations (the area of Switzerland by UAM Model and San Joaquin Valley of Central California by SAQM Model) are examined using a new approach for defining NOx and VOC sensitive regimes. Possible definitions for the distinction of NOx and VOC sensitive ozone production regimes are given. The dependence of the threshold values for indicators and indicator ratios such as NOy, O3/NOz, HCHO/NOy, and H2O2/HNO3 on the definition of NOx and VOC sensitivity is discussed. Then the variations of threshold values under low emission conditions and in two different days are examined in both areas to check whether the models respond consistently to changes in environmental conditions. In both cases, threshold values are shifted similarly when emissions are reduced. Changes in the wind fields and aging of the photochemical oxidants seem to cause the day-to-day variation of the threshold values. O3/NOz and HCHO/NOy indicators are predicted to be unsatisfactory to separate the NOx and VOC sensitive regimes. Although NOy and H2O2/HNO3 provide a good separation of the two regimes, threshold values are affected by changes in the environmental conditions studied in this work. |
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