In situ measurement of isoprene in the marine air and surface seawater from the western North Pacific |
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| Authors: | Sou Matsunaga Michihiro Mochida Takuya Saito Kimitaka Kawamura |
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| Institution: | 1. Aix Marseille Université, CNRS/INSU, Université de Toulon, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UM110, 13288 Marseille, France;2. Géosciences Environnement Toulouse, Université de Toulouse/CNRS/IRD/OMP, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France;3. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Marine Biogeochemistry, Kiel, Germany;1. Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Šetalište I. Meštrovića 63, 21000 Split, Croatia;2. Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale (OGS), Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/C, 34010 Sgonico, TS, Italy;1. Measurement Technology and Instrument Key Lab of Hebei Province, Yanshan University of China, Hebei Street West438#, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, China;2. Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China;1. Departament d''Oceanografia Física i Tecnológica, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Unidad Asociada ULPGC-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain;2. Centro de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal;3. Department de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain;4. Ecosystems and Global Change Laboratory / International Laboratory of Global Change, Biomass and Water Management Research Center, Graduate Program in Geosciences (Environmental Geochemistry), Universidad Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;5. Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Barcelona, Spain;6. CADIC-CONICET, Ushuaia, Argentina;7. Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y la Atmósfera (CIMA/CONICET-UBA), and UMI-IFAECI/CNRS-CONICET-UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina;8. Departamento de Física de la Tierra, Astronomía y Astrofísica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain;9. Department de Física, Universitat de Girona, Girona, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Isoprene (2-methyl-1,3-butadiene) was measured on board of R/V Mirai for eight air samples and 14 seawater samples collected in the western North Pacific during ACE-Asia campaign (from 18 to 26 May 2001). The measurements were conducted in situ using a cryo-focus/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Cryo/GC/MS). Concentrations of isoprene ranged from 7.2 to 110 parts-per-trillion (pptv) in the marine air, and ranged from below 12 to 94 pmol l−1 in the seawater. Based on these results, sea-to-air fluxes of isoprene were calculated to be 184 and 300 nmol m−2 day−1 for two samples, and the upper limits of the fluxes were also calculated to be from 32 to 300 nmol m−2 day−1. Atmospheric isoprene concentrations cannot be explained only by the flux from the seawater. Thus, the concentrations of isoprene in the marine air in western North Pacific should be significantly affected by terrestrial vegetational emission and subsequent long-range atmospheric transport of isoprene. |
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| Keywords: | Sea-to-air flux VOCs Long-range transport Cryo-focus Liquid CO2 |
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