Impaired visibility: the air pollution people see |
| |
| Authors: | Nicole Pauly Hyslop |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;2. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;3. Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Climate Change, China;4. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Fudan Tyndall Centre, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca''Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;2. EPIGET LAB, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via san Barnaba 8, 20122 Milan, Italy;1. Baoji Meteorological Bureau, Baoji 721006, China;2. Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics, SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi''an 710075, China;3. Climate Center of Shaanxi Meteorological Bureau, Xi''an 710014, China;4. Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi''an Jiaotong University, Xi''an 710049, China;5. Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland;6. Centre for Climate and Air Pollution Studies, Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University Road, Galway, Ireland;7. Environmental Science and Engineering College, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China |
| |
| Abstract: | Almost every home and office contains a portrayal of a scenic landscape whether on a calendar, postcard, photograph, or painting. The most sought after locations boast a scenic landscape right outside their window. No matter what the scene – mountains, skyscrapers, clouds, or pastureland – clarity and vividness are essential to the image. Air pollution can degrade scenic vistas, and in extreme cases, completely obscure them. Particulate matter suspended in the air is the main cause of visibility degradation. Particulate matter affects visibility in multiple ways: obscures distant objects, drains the contrast from a scene, and discolors the sky. Visibility is an environmental quality that is valued for aesthetic reasons that are difficult to express or quantify. Human psychology and physiology are sensitive to visual input. Visibility has been monitored throughout the world but there are few places where it is a protected resource. Existing health-based regulations are weak in terms of visibility protection. Various techniques, including human observation, light transmission measurements, digital photography, and satellite imaging, are used to monitor visibility. As with air pollution, trends in visibility vary spatially and temporally. Emissions from the developing world and large scale events such as dust storms and wildfires affect visibility around much of the globe. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
