杭州市空气颗粒物污染特征及变化规律研究

根据2006—2010年杭州市空气颗粒物的监测数据及2002、2006、2008年空气颗粒物来源解析结果,对杭州市空气颗粒物浓度、化学组分与污染来源等特征的变化规律进行分析,以期为空气颗粒物污染控制提供决策依据。结果表明,近年来杭州市PM10浓度有所下降,但一类功能区PM10仍超出《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095—1996)的要求(≤0.04mg/m3),杭州市空气颗粒物污染以细颗粒物为主,空气颗粒物的二次转化、机动车尾气尘等产生的二次粒子污染相对严重;煤烟尘对杭州市PM10的贡献率下降明显,城市扬尘、二次粒子和机动车尾气尘对PM10的贡献率有所增加,是杭州市PM10的主要来源。

Study on the characters and variation of ambient particulate matter pollution in Hangzhou

Based on the ambient particulate matter monitoring data in Hangzhou during the period of 2006-2010,as well as source apportionment of air particles in 2002,2006 and 2008,the variation characteristics of particulate composition,chemical constituents and pollution source of air particles in Hangzhou were analyzed,which can be seen as a scientific basis for particulate pollution management in the future.The result showed that the pollution status of PM10 in Hangzhou has generally improved,while the concentration of PM10 in primary functional area exceeded national ambient air quality standard(GB 3095-1996)(lower than 0.04 mg/m3).The fine particulate matter was the dominant pollutant in ambient particulate pollution.The pollution of secondary particles which produced by the second conservation of air particles and motor vehicle exhausts were relative severe in Hangzhou.The contribution of soot dust to PM10 was markedly reduced,while the contribution of urban resuspended dusts and motor vehicle exhausts have apparently increased,they were the key parts of particulate pollution in the future.