流化床垃圾焚烧炉产生的有毒二噁英同类物分布研究

测定了流化床垃圾焚烧炉焚烧产生的飞灰、烟尘和烟气中的2，3，7，8位氯取代二噁英同类物的含量及其毒性当量。结果表明，产生的二噁英主要存在于飞灰中，烟气中的含量很少。飞灰中二噁英总浓度和毒性当量分别为8.44ng／g和0．80ng／g，经过布袋除尘器后的烟尘和烟气中二噁英的浓度之和与毒性当量之和分别为0．34ng／m^3和0．02ng／m^3，而布袋除尘器前的烟尘和烟气中二噁英的浓度之和与毒性当量之和分别为40．78ng／m^3和3．0ng／m^3。飞灰和烟尘中2，3，7，8位氯取代二噁英同类物的分布相似，但是与烟气中2，3，7，8位氯取代二噁英同类物的分布差别较大。通过了解有毒二噁英同类物的分布，可以进一步优化流化床垃圾焚烧炉的焚烧条件，降低二噁英的排放量，减少垃圾焚烧对环境的污染。

Study on the distribution of toxic PCDD/Fs congenersformed from fluidized bed municipal waste incinerator

The concentrations and toxic equivalent (TEQ) values of 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in fly ash, soot and flue gas, which were produced by the incinerating process of fluidized bed municipal waste incinerator, were determined by isotope dilution and high resolution gas chromatography /high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS). The results showed that the total concentration and total TEQ of 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs in fly ash were 8.44 ng/g and 0.80 ng I-TEQ/g, respectively. The total concentrations and the total TEQ values of 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs in soot and flue gas samples after dust catcher were 0.34 ng/m+3 and 0.02 ng I-TEQ/m+3, respectively. But the same items before dust catcher were 40.78 ng/m+3 and 3.01 ng I-TEQ/m+3, respectively. Moreover, the patterns of 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs congeners in fly ash and soot were similar and were different from flue gas. The incinerating conditions of fluidized bed incinerator could be optimized by understanding the distribution of toxic PCDD/Fs congeners to decrease the emission of PCDD/Fs and to reduce the environmental pollution of municipal waste incineration.