天津市臭氧污染特征及来源解析研究

使用天津市2013-2017年的连续臭氧观测数据,分析了天津市的臭氧污染特征,并使用基于排放清单处理模型(SMOKE)/中尺度气象模型(WRF)/多尺度空气质量模型(CAMx)的臭氧来源解析技术对天津市不同季节的臭氧来源情况进行研究。结果表明,天津市臭氧污染整体波动变化,年均浓度总体呈现先下跌后上升的趋势;天津市臭氧夏季浓度较高,春季、秋季浓度较低,冬季浓度最低。天津市臭氧污染区域性特征明显,区域输送贡献远大于本地贡献,本地臭氧来源贡献率仅占8%~20%。河北省、山东省、内蒙古自治区等地区污染物排放对天津市臭氧污染有较大贡献。天津市本地源对臭氧的贡献季节差异较大,其中工业源贡献较大,其在春季、秋季对臭氧贡献率分别为49%、43%。夏季天然源、工业源、交通源与电厂源对臭氧贡献率较为接近,均在20%~30%;冬季其他源(包括生物质燃烧源、居民燃烧源等)对臭氧贡献率最大,为54%。未来应根据臭氧污染来源的地域特征和季节特征采取不同臭氧污染防治策略。

Analysis of ozone pollution characteristic in Tianjin and its source apportionment

The characteristics of ozone pollution in Tianjin were analyzed via long-term continuous ozone observation data in Tianjin from 2013 to 2017.The Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emission System(SMOKE)/Weather Research and Forecast Model(WRF)/Comprehensive Air Quality Model Extensions(CAMx)based ozone source apportionment technology was used to study the ozone source of Tianjin in different seasons.The results showed that the ozone concentration in Tianjin was fluctuating in recent years.The annual variation of ozone presented a trend of falling first and then rising.The concentration of ozone in Tianjin was high in summer,lower in spring and autumn,and the lowest in winter.The local emission was not the main source of Tianjin’s ozone.It contributed 8%-20%of ozone in different seasons.The cross provincial transport,especially from Hebei,Shandong and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region had obvious contribution to Tianjin ozone.The ozone contribution of local emission sources was different in different seasons.In general,industrial sources had the relative larger contribution to ozone,which contributed 49%,43%of the ozone in the spring and autumn.The contribution of natural source,industrial source,traffic and power plant was close in summer,which ranged 20%-30%respectively.The contribution of other source(including biomass burning and resident buring,ect.)was the largest in winter,with the contribution rate was54%.In future,the ozone pollution prevention strategy of Tianjin should be proposed according to regional characteristics and seasonal characteristics of ozone pollution.