Tissue S/N ratios and stable isotopes (δS and δN) of epilithic mosses (Haplocladium microphyllum) for showing air pollution in urban cities in Southern China |
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Authors: | Hua-Yun Xiao Cong-Guo Tang Hong-Wei Xiao Yan-Li Wang Xue-Yan Liu Cong-Qiang Liu |
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Institution: | State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 46, Guanshui Road, Guiyang 550002, China |
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Abstract: | In urban cities in Southern China, the tissue S/N ratios of epilithic mosses (Haplocladium microphyllum), varied widely from 0.11 to 0.19, are strongly related to some atmospheric chemical parameters (e.g. rainwater SO42−/NH4+ ratios, each people SO2 emission). If tissue S/N ratios in the healthy moss species tend to maintain a constant ratio of 0.15 in unpolluted area, our study cities can be divided into two classes: class I (S/N > 0.15, S excess) and class II (S/N < 0.15, N excess), possibly indicative of stronger industrial activity and higher density of population, respectively. Mosses in all these cities obtained S and N from rainwater at a similar ratio. Sulphur and N isotope ratios in mosses are found significantly linearly correlated with local coal δ34S and NH4+-N wet deposition, respectively, indicating that local coal and animal NH3 are the major atmospheric S and N sources. |
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Keywords: | δ34S δ15N S/N ratios Moss Coal Acid rain Industrial cities South China |
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