基于大数据分析的杭州市农业源高分辨率氨排放清单研究

基于实地调查并辅以统计的方法获得大数据,采用排放因子法,估算了杭州市2015年农业源氨排放清单,并选取经纬度坐标、土地类型和人口等数据作为权重因子,建立1 km×1 km高精度网格化空间分布,研究了该地区农业排放源氨排放空间分布特征.结果表明:杭州市2015年农业源NH3排放总量为54787.9 t,其中畜禽养殖和农田种植是最主要的氨排放来源,分别占农业源总排放量的86.7%和12.8%.在畜禽养殖各主要环节的氨排放过程中,圈舍固态粪便的氨排放贡献量最大,占总氨排放量的52.8%;其次是存储固态,占总氨排放量的35.1%.氮肥施用主要集中在萧山区、建德市、临安市和余杭区.秸秆堆肥和秸秆焚烧与秸秆综合利用率高低密切相关,两者氨排放量占有率不高,占杭州市农业源氨排放总量的1%以下.

Study on high resolution NH3 emission inventory based on analysis of large data for agriculture in Hangzhou

Based on the field survey and statistic large data, emission factor approaches was utilized to develop the agricultural ammonia emission inventory in Hangzhou City for the year of 2015. An 1 km×1 km high precision grid spatial distribution was established and the spatial characteristics of the agricultural ammonia emission were investigated by analyzing the latitude, longitude, land use type, population density and geographic coordinates. The results showed that total emissions of NH₃ in Hangzhou City for the year of 2015 were 54787.9 t. Livestock and poultry breeding and farmland are the main sources of ammonia emissions from agriculture, accounting for 86.7% and 12.8% of the total NH₃ emissions. Among the main steps of the livestock ammonia emission process, the most important source was the housing of the solid waste, accounting for 52.8% of the total ammonia emissions. Then was solid state storage, accounting for 35.1%. Ammonia emissions from nitrogen fertilization were mainly concentrated in Xiaoshan District, Jiande City, Linan City and Yuhang District. The ammonia emissions of straw compost and straw burning were not high, which closely related to the straw stalk comprehensive utilization ratio, accounting for less than 1% of the total ammonia emission from agricultural.