固体发酵提高水生植物发酵产物蛋白含量的研究

采用微生物固体发酵技术对伊乐藻(Elodea nuttalli)、苦草(Vallinmeria spiralis)和喜旱莲子草(Alterranthera philoxerides)3种高等水生植物进行单细胞蛋白生产的研究,分析单一菌种和混合菌种发酵过程中水生植物粗蛋白含量和纤维素酶活的变化过程.研究结果表明,与单一霉菌发酵相比,利用霉菌与酵母混合发酵,可明显提高发酵产物粗蛋白产量,其中以黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)与产朊假丝酵母(Candida utilis)混合发酵苦草的粗蛋白含量最高,产物中粗蛋白含量最高可达39.88%,粗蛋白增加率为84.2%,使其有可能成为鱼、家禽和家畜的蛋白饲料来源.因此,利用固体发酵处理水生植物可以实现水生植物的资源化.

Improvement of crude protein content in aquatic macrophyte by solid-state fermentation

Three species of macrophyte (Elodea nuttalli, Vallinmeria spiralis, Alterranthera philoxerides), which are widely distributed in water environments, were used to perform solid-state fermentation to produce crude proteins. The effects of single-strain fermentation and mixed-strains fermentation of aquatic macrophyte on yields of their crude proteins and cellulase activities were analyzed. The results showed that the yield of crude proteins from mixed-strains fermentation was higher than that from single-strain fermentation. The highest yield of crude proteins (39.88%) was obtained from co-fermentation of Vallinmeria spirali by Aspergillus niger and Candida utilis. The yield rate was increased by 84.2%. Taken together, our results indicate that aquatic macrophytes can be used as domestically animal feed by solid-state fermentation to produce more single-cell proteins. Therefore, mixed-strains fermentation in solid state could be a good way to make aquatic macrophyte a useful resource.