基于水生态系统结构特征的滇池流域水生态功能三级分区

水生态功能分区的目的是为了实现中国流域的"分区、分类、分级、分期"管理的精细管理理念,而水生态系统结构是水生态系统完整性的基础,也是区分不同区域生境特征与功能差异的重要指标.因此,为了实现更精细化的湖泊流域管理,在滇池流域完成水生态功能二级分区基础上,基于水生态系统结构特征进一步对滇池流域进行三级区划,进而反映流域水生态功能的空间异质性.以反映水生态系统结构的物理、化学与生物特征为依据,分别构建了滇池流域陆域与湖体的三级分区指标体系;通过对三级分区单元指标综合值进行聚类分级,最终将滇池流域的水生态功能三级分区划分为20个陆域区和4个湖体区,并利用底栖与藻类的生物数据对分区进行合理性评价.最后基于生态服务功能理论,结合滇池流域自身特点与管理需求,将滇池流域三级分区定义为不同的水生态功能类型.通过对滇池流域水生态功能三级分区的划分以及主体功能的确定,不仅为滇池流域水生态健康管理构建了空间管理单元,而且为湖泊水生态功能分区的研究提供了案例.

Level III aquatic ecological function regionalization in Dianchi Lake basin based on the aquatic ecosystem structure

The purpose of aquatic ecological function regionalization is to achieve the management goal of "partition, classification, grading and staging" for Chinese basin. Aquatic ecosystem structure is the basis of aquatic ecosystem integrity, and is also an important index of distinguishing different habitat characteristics and ecological function. Therefore, to facilitate management in detail, level III aquatic ecological function regionalization based on the characteristics of aquatic ecosystem structure was carried out further, which contributed to reflect the spatial heterogeneity of aquatic ecological function. The index system of level III regionalization was constructed for land and lake respectively, with comprehensively considering physical, chemical and biological characteristics of aquatic ecosystem structure. After obtaining integrated value of each level III regionalization unit with weighted calculating method, the level III regionalization in Dianchi Lake basin was divided into 20 land zones and 4 lake zones with the hierarchical clustering method for the integrated value. The assessment of regionalization was made by using biological data of benthic macroinvertebrates and algae. Finally, combined with characteristics of Dianchi Lake basin and management demands, level III zones in Dianchi Lake basin was defined as different types, based on the theory of ecological service function. Level III regionalization in Dianchi Lake basin and identification of primary aquatic ecological function, build the space management unit for aquatic ecological health management for Dianchi Lake basin. This research also provides a case for the regionalization study in other lakes.