永定河(北京段)水资源、水环境的变迁及流域社会经济发展对其影响

考察了官厅水库和永定河（北京段）1954—2008年水资源及1980—2005年水环境的变迁,并通过Pearson相关分析探讨了流域社会经济发展对永定河（北京段）水资源和水环境的影响.研究结果表明,①官厅水库建成后近50年来水量和出库水量均大幅衰减,例如,官厅水库来水量从1959年的25.56亿m3锐减至2008年的0...

Impact of socioeconomic development on water resource and water environment of Yongding River in Beijing

Through reviewing the change of water resources in 1954-2008 and that of water environment in 1980-2005 of Guanting Reservoir and Yongding River (Beijing Section), the impacts of watershed socioeconomic development on water resources and water environment of Yongding River (Beijing Section) were statistically analyzed. As the most important factor, a substantial decrease of both inflow and outflow of Guanting Reservoir occurred during the last 50 years since the Guanting Reservoir built up, which resulted in a sharp drop of the runoff of Yongding River in Beijing and exacerbation of river drying, e.g., both inflow and outflow of Guanting Reservoir sharply reduced from 2.556 billion m3 and 2.333 billion m3 in 1959 to 80 million m3 and 47 million m3 in 2008, respectively. Statistical analysis results clearly indicated that inflow and outflow of Guanting Reservoir were not only significant positively correlated to the amounts of water transferred from the Sanjiadian, industrial and agricultural water supplies (p=0.01), but also negatively correlated to days of river discontinued in Lugou Bridge (p=0.05) during 1980-2008. Both chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) of Guanting Reservoir were negatively correlated to dissolved oxygen (DO) and NH4+-N in the Gorge Section (p=0.05, 0.01), as well as positively correlated to NH4+-N of the Gorge Section (p=0.05, 0.01). The water resources and water environment of Yongding River (Beijing Section) were significantly affected by the socioeconomic development of Yongding River Basin, e.g., the population, GDP per capita and urbanization ratio were all negatively correlated to the amounts of water transferred from the Sanjiadian, industrial and agricultural water supplies (p=0.01), and positively correlated to DO in the Gorge Section of Yongding River (Beijing Section). In addition, all of the population, urbanization rate and the amount of wastewater discharged into Yongding River were positively correlated to DO (p=0.05) and NH4+-N (p=0.01) in the Gorge Section. In a word, it is suggested that an integrated watershed water management of Yongding River should be further carried out and improved in order to encourage the sustainable exploration of water resource and protection of water environment perspective.