新型复合材料处理氮磷废水的性能研究

采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（Hexadecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide，HDTMA）和稀土溶液氯化镧（LaCl₃）对人造沸石进行改性，以增强其对水中氨氮和总磷的同步去除效果.结果表明，HDTMA和LaCl₃可有效负载于人造沸石表面，且在pH为7的条件下，改性沸石对氨氮和总磷的去除率分别由改性前的75%和1%提高到95.67%和91.96%.影响因素的实验表明，改性沸石对不同浓度废水的氨氮和总磷去除率均达到90%以上；氮、磷的去除率随改性沸石投加量的增加而上升；准二级动力学模型适合描述改性沸石对氨氮吸附的动力学过程，准一级动力学模型适合描述改性沸石对总磷吸附的动力学过程；吸附等温线说明改性沸石对水中氨氮的吸附属于离子交换，对水中磷酸盐的吸附包含离子交换和化学吸附两种过程.此外，通过再生性能、负载强度和离子竞争的试验证明改性沸石能应用于实际生化尾水的氮、磷去除.

Study on performance of new composite materials for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in wastewater treatment

The artificial zeolite was modified by cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA) and rare earth solution (LaCl₃) to enhance the simultaneous removal of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus from wastewater. The results demonstrated that the modified treatment of artificial zeolite by HDTMA and LaCl₃ has been successfully carried out. At pH of 7, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus by modified zeolite was increased from 75% and 1% to 95.67% and 91.96%, respectively. Experiments of influencing factors showed that the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus of wastewater with different concentrations by modified zeolite were more than 90%. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus increased with the increase of the amount of modified zeolite. The kinetic process of ammonia nitrogen removal by modified zeolite could be described by the quasi-second-order kinetic model, while the kinetic process of total phosphorus removal by modified zeolite followed the quasi-first-order kinetic model. The adsorption isotherm indicated that the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen by modified zeolite belonged to ion exchange, and the adsorption of total phosphorus included ion exchange and chemisorption. In addition, the experiments of regeneration performance, load strength, and ionic competition proved that the modified zeolite can be applied to remove the nitrogen and phosphorus from the biochemical tail wastewater.