南京市饮用水源地抗生素污染特征及风险评估

采用固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱技术（SPE-HPLC-MS/MS），对南京市饮用水源地抗生素含量及分布特征进行了分析.结果表明，17个采样点总浓度为0.56~1994.96 ng·L^-1，共检出5种大环内酯类、13种磺胺类、3种四环素类、8种喹诺酮类抗生素，平均浓度为0.30~37.07 ng·L^-1，其中检出浓度最高的抗生素为环丙沙星（CIP），浓度为317.60 ng·L^-1，检出率最高的抗生素为克林霉素（CLI），检出率为88.24%.与国内部分河流相比，南京市饮用水源地水体中大环内酯类、四环素类、喹诺酮类抗生素残留浓度处于较高水平.生态风险评估结果表明，点位S7具有最高的联合风险熵值（24.58），氧氟沙星（OFX）的风险熵值最高，达到13.06；健康风险评估结果表明，9种抗生素对人体健康的风险熵Q_H为1.70×10^-3~9.47，强力霉素（DOX）、诺氟沙星（NOR）、恩诺沙星（ERX）、CIP和OFX对大部分年龄段的人体健康具有高水平风险.

Pollution characteristics and risk assessment of antibiotics in Nanjing drinking water sources

The pollution characteristics of antibiotics in water source of Najing were analyzed by using the solid-phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-HPLC-MS/MS).The result showed that the total detected concentration of 17 sampling points ranged from 0.56 to 1994.96 ng·L^-1, and five macrolides, thirteen sulfonamides, three tetracycline, eight fluoroquinolones were detected with average concentration ranged from 0.30 ng·L^-1 to 37.07 ng·L^-1, including ciprofloxacin(CIP) with the highest concentration of 317.60 ng·L^-1 and clindamycin(CLI) with the highest detection of 88.24%. Compared with some rivers in China, the macrolides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones antibiotics in the Nanjing Drinking water sources are at a relatively high level. The risk assessment results show that the largest cumulative risk of S7 is 24.58, and the highest risk quotient of ofloxacin(OFX) is 13.06; the health risk quotients of nine antibiotics range from 1.70×10^-3 to 9.47, and doxycycline (DOX), norfloxacin (NOR), enrofloxacin (ERX), CIP and OFX have a high level of health risk for most age groups.