太平洋上空硫酸盐的分布和来源

我国首次南极考察(1984年11月—1985年3月)在太平洋和南极半岛周围海域收集了31个海洋气溶胶样品。采用离子色谱法分析气溶胶中硫酸盐、火焰原子吸收法分析钠离子,结果表明,太平洋海洋气溶胶中非海盐源硫酸盐含量自北纬向南纬明显降低。在北太平洋主要是由于陆源污染源的硫酸盐在风系作用下经长距离传输而进入海洋上空;而在南太平洋,特别是南极半岛海域大气中非海盐源硫酸盐,可能主要来自海洋生物活动的产物。利用通量计算模式,估算了南极半岛海域生物源输入大气的硫通量为0.065gS/m~2·a。

THE SOURCES AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF SULFATE IN THE PACIFIC ATMOSPHERE

31 marine aerosol samples were collected during a period of 1984, 11-1985,3. The contents of sulfate and sodium in the samples were determined. The results indicated that the concentration of non-sea-salt sulfate (NSS SO42-) in the marine aerosol clearly decreases from the North Pacific to the South Pacific. A large portion of the NSS sulfate in the North Pacific atmosphere are from the continental pollution sources through longdistance transport and the relatively low concentration of NSS sulfate in marine aerosols over the South Pacific and the Antarctic Peninsula waters may be attributed to an oceanic sulfate source due to marine biological processes. The sea to air flux of sulfur was calculated as a value f 0.065 gS/m2-a in the Antarctic Peninsula waters.