花生对土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的吸收累积特征

选择邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(Dibutyl phthalate,DBP)和邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate,DEHP)作为目标污染物,通过盆栽试验研究花生(Arachis hypogaea)对土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯的吸收累积特征.结果表明:邻苯二甲酸酯污染对青花7号花生生物量无显著影响,而青花5号花生生物量则显著降低,在污染水平I(40 mg·kg-1)和污染水平II(80 mg·kg-1)下花生籽粒产量分别减少24.11%和48.75%.随着土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯污染水平的增高,花生植株各部位的DBP和DEHP含量均呈显著升高趋势,花生根系DBP和DEHP含量显著高于其它部位.在2个污染水平下,花生籽粒对DBP和DEHP的富集量占植株富集总量的比例最高.花生种植后土壤中邻苯二甲酸酯残留量均有所降低,在相同的污染水平下DEHP残留量显著高于DBP.花生籽粒对DBP的富集系数高于DEHP的生物富集系数,分别介于0.50~1.87和0.53~0.98之间.

Characteristics of uptake and accumulation of phthalic acid esters in soil by peanut (Arachis hypogaea)

Di-butylphthalate (DBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were chosen as target pollutants to investigate the characteristics of uptake and accumulation of phthalic acid esters in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) using pot experiment method. Results showed that phthalic acid esters had no obvious effect on biomass of peanut Qinghua 7, but the biomass of Qinghua 5 was significantly reduced due to the addition of phthalate acid esters to the soil. At pollution level I (40mg·kg^-1) and pollution level II (80 mg·kg^-1), the yield of peanut kernel reduced 24.11% and 48.75%, respectively. As pollution level increased, content of DBP and DEHP in different parts of the plant increased with the highest content in root. At both pollution levels, the accumulations of DBP and DEHP in kernels were the highest in terms of their percentage of accumulation in the whole plant. The residual concentrations of phthalic acid esters in soil reduced after the experiment, and residual DEHP was higher than DBP at the same pollution level. The kernel''s bioaccumulation factors for DBP and DEHP were 0.50~1.87 and 0.53~0.98, respectively, with the factor for DBP higher than that for DEHP.