城市汽车年检碳排放数据挖掘及其应用研究

基于城市汽车年检中CO₂的过程动态检测数据,对小型汽油客车CO₂的排放因子和排放水平信息进行了挖掘,并与文献研究结果进行了对比.结果表明,从城市汽车年检数据中挖掘的CO₂排放结果可以作为研究城市机动车碳排放的重要参考依据;合理有效地利用汽车年检数据可以为城市车辆尾气排放的精准分级管控、城市交通运输碳排放达峰的量化分析,以及城市交通源的污染物和CO₂协同减排提供重要的数据支撑;从国Ⅰ到国Ⅴ不同排放阶段汽油车的常规污染物CO、NO_x和HC的排放水平下降非常明显,而对应的CO₂排放水平差异不大;CO₂排放因子随累计行驶里程、车龄、基准质量和排量的变化关系反映出,如果需要削减城市汽车碳排放水平,应鼓励使用基准质量小或者排量小的车辆,淘汰高油耗高排放的老旧车辆,鼓励公共绿色出行而降低单车活动水平,增加纯电动车辆优化车队能源结构.

Research on carbon emission data mining and application in urban vehicle emission inspection

On the basis of runtime CO₂ emission data from vehicle emission inspection (VEI), this study explored the CO₂ emission factors and levels of small gasoline cars, and performed comparisons with literature data. The results show that the VEI-derived CO₂ emissions can be used as an important reference to characterize the urban CO₂ emissions from vehicles. Effective and appropriate use of urban VEI data can provide critical information for precise supervision of urban vehicle emission, estimation of peak CO₂ emission from urban transportation, and coordinated emission reduction of pollutants and CO₂ from urban transportation. From the National Stage I to V, the CO, NO_x, and HC emissions considerably declined, while the CO₂ emissions kept steady. The relationships between the CO₂ emission factors and the cumulative mileages, vehicle ages, reference mass, and displacement had the following important implications for reducing the carbon emissions from urban vehicles: the vehicles with low reference mass or low displacement should be promoted; the old vehicles with high fuel consumption and high emissions should be obsoleted; the green travel via public transportation to lower the activity levels of private vehicles should be promoted; pure electric vehicles should be increased for optimization of the energy structure of car fleets.