秸秆及配施生物炭对福州茉莉园土壤碳、氮、磷、铁含量及其生态化学计量学特征影响

为阐明施加秸秆及配施生物炭对茉莉花园土壤碳（TC）、氮（TN）、磷（TP）和铁（Fe）含量及其生态化学计量学特征的影响，并探讨土壤活性有机碳及碳库管理指数的响应，以福州茉莉园土壤为研究对象，设置对照、秸秆、秸秆配施生物炭3种处理样地，对施加处理下福州茉莉花园0~10 cm表层土壤碳、氮、磷、铁含量和生态化学计量学特征进行测定和分析.结果表明：不同施加处理下，茉莉园土壤TC、TN含量均值表现为秸秆配施生物炭处理>秸秆处理>对照处理（p<0.05），TP含量均值表现为秸秆处理>秸秆配施生物炭处理>对照处理（p<0.05），土壤Fe含量均值表现为秸秆处理大于对照和秸秆配施生物炭处理，显著增加了茉莉花园表层土壤铁含量（p<0.05）.其次，秸秆配施生物炭处理较对照和秸秆处理提高了土壤C/N、C/P、C/Fe、N/P、N/Fe、P/Fe （p<0.05）；茉莉花园0~10 cm土壤碳储量、氮储量、磷储量均值表现为秸秆配施生物炭处理显著高于对照处理（p<0.05），提高比例分别为46.5%、20.2%、10.2%，土壤铁储量表现为秸秆处理>对照处理>秸秆配施生物炭处理.此外，秸秆施加处理提高了土壤活性有机碳（C_N），增加了土壤碳库活度指数（CPAI）和土壤碳库管理指数（CPMI）；秸秆配施生物炭处理同样大幅度提升了土壤总有机碳含量，并显著提高了土壤碳库指数（CPI），但这部分主要是活性较低的稳态碳（C_NA），因此，秸秆配施生物炭降低了土壤碳库活度（CPA）、土壤碳库活度指数（CPAI）和土壤碳库管理指数（CPMI）.总体来看，从土壤固碳角度考虑，秸秆配施生物炭是更合理的利用措施.

Effects of straw and biochar on soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and iron contents and ecological stoichiometric characteristics of jasmine garden in Fuzhou

This study quantified the effects of straw and biochar application on soil carbon (TC), nitrogen (TN), phosphorus (TP) and iron (Fe) contents and its ecological stoichiometry characteristics of the jasmine garden soil. We also discussed the response of the soil active organic carbon and soil carbon pool management index. In this study, set up three treatment plots, including control, straw and straw combined with biochar, and the amendments were applied to 0~10 cm surface soil in a Fuzhou jasmine garden. The TC, TN, TP, and Fe contents, and ecological stoichiometric characteristics were determined and analyzed. The results showed that TC and TN contents in jasmine garden soil followed the order of straw+biochar treatment > straw treatment > control treatment (p<0.05), and the TP content followed the order of straw treatment > straw+biochar treatment > control treatment (p<0.05), the Fe content in soil was lager in the straw treatment than the control and straw+biochar treatment (p<0.05). Compared with the control and straw treatments, straw+biochar treatment increased soil C/N, C/P, C/Fe, N/P, N/Fe and P/Fe values (p<0.05). The total C, N and P storage in the 0~10 cm jasmine garden soil layer showed that the straw+biochar treatment was significantly higher than the control treatment (p<0.05), and the increase ratios were 46.5%, 20.2%, 10.2%, respectively. The Fe storage in soil followed the order of straw treatment > control treatment > straw+biochar treatment. The straw treatment (cf. control) increased soil active organic carbon (C_N), soil carbon pool activity index (CPAI) and soil carbon pool management index (CPMI). The straw+biochar treatment also greatly increased the total soil organic carbon content, and significantly increased the soil carbon pool index (CPI), which was possibly due to steady-state carbon (C_NA) with low activity. Therefore, straw +biochar treatment reduced the soil carbon pool activity (CPA), soil carbon pool activity index (CPAI) and soil carbon pool management index (CPMI). In conclusion, from the perspective of soil carbon sequestration, the combined application of straw and biocharis a more effective measure.