餐厨垃圾和剩余污泥厌氧混合发酵过程的动态膜强化特性研究

比较了厌氧动态膜生物反应器（DMBR）与完全混合式反应器（CSTR）在处理餐厨垃圾（FW）和剩余污泥（WAS）时的发酵产气过程，验证了高负荷餐厨垃圾和剩余污泥混合发酵时DMBR系统运行的稳定性，考察了动态膜（DM）基材孔径（300目、200目和100目）对DMBR运行性能及其固液分离效果的影响.结果表明：一体式DMBR能够强化餐厨垃圾和剩余污泥混合发酵的高负荷稳定运行，DMBR过膜滤液中平均总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）为86.1 mg·L^-1，低于CSTR排泥中TVFA的浓度（527.3 mg·L^-1）.当动态膜基材孔径为300目时，DMBR过膜滤液中总有机物（TCOD）为（1.6±1.1）g·L^-1，相应的固液分离效果优于200目（（3.2±1.9）g·L^-1）和100目（（32.0±1.3）g·L^-1）动态膜基材，即当动态膜基材孔径为100目时，DMBR过膜滤液中TCOD比300目动态膜基材高6.7倍.与200目动态膜基材孔径相比，300目动态膜基材相应的跨膜压差增长缓慢，反洗频率和运行能耗均较低，而100目动态膜基材孔径过大，固液分离效果较低.因此，在高负荷餐厨垃圾和剩余污泥混合发酵系统中，选用300目动态膜基材形成的动态膜过滤效果最优.此外，本文还对比分析了有机废物和废水处理领域中较优的动态膜基材孔径及DMBR的应用情况，为拓展DMBR在有机物处理领域的应用提供依据.

Study on the characteristics of anaerobic co-digestion with food waste and waste activated sludge enhanced by dynamic membrane technology

This study compared the anaerobic digestion performance of the submerged anaerobic dynamic membrane bioreactor (DMBR) and completely stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in the treatment of food waste (FW) and waste activated sludge (WAS), with the operational stability of DMBR process verified. In addition, the effect of different pore sizes (300, 200, and 100 mesh) of dynamic membrane (DM) supporting material, namely DM-300, DM-200 and DM-100, on DMBR operation was investigated. The results showed that the stability of the high-load co-digestion of FW and WAS can be enhanced by the DMBR compared to the CSTR. The average total volatile fatty acid (TVFA) in the DMBR permeate was 86.1 mg·L^-1, lower than that in CSTR digestate (527.3 mg·L^-1). The total organic matters (TCOD) in the DMBR permeate with DM-300 ((1.6±1.1) g·L^-1) was lower than that of DM-200((3.2±1.9) g·L^-1) and DM-100 ((32.0±1.3) g·L^-1), which indicated that the solid-liquid separation capability of DM-300was better. Furthermore, the TCOD in the permeate of DMBR with DM-100 was 6.7 times higher than that of DM-300. A slowly increased transmembrane pressure, and low backwash frequency and operating energy consumption were achieved in DMBR with DM-300compared to those of DM-200. Moreover, the filtration capability of DM-100 was quite low due to the low retention capacity. Thus, DM-300was recommended for the high-load co-digestion of FW and WAS. Lastly, to further advance DMBR application in the field of organic-waste treatment, the optimal size of DM supporting material during organic wastes and wastewater treatment were also compared.