酸沉降对重庆南岸马尾松针叶林年生物生产量的影响及其经济损失的估算

利用生态学方法研究了酸沉降对重庆南岸马尾松针叶林和樟树阔叶林年生物生产量及年材积生长量的影响．在野外调查观测的基础上，用多元逐步回归法分析了诸多环境因子对两种森林生态系统年生物生产量的影响，并估算了酸沉降引起的重庆南岸（酸雨严重危害地区）马尾松针叶林的年材积损失量和生态经济损失值．结果表明，在诸多环境因子中，土壤有机质含量、降水ｐＨ值、土层厚度及坡度是影响马尾松针叶林生长的主导因子，其与生物量的相关系数分别为０．９９４０、０．９７６２、０．９７３８、０．９４３６．由此引起的重庆南岸马尾松针叶林的直接经济损失达３０３．３２万元／ａ；酸沉降对樟树阔叶林无显著影响，建议在该地区发展樟树阔叶林．

EFFECT OF ACIDIC DEPOSITION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF FOREST ECOSYSTEM AND ESTIMATION OF ITS ECONOMIC LOSSEC IN SOUTHERN SUBURBS OF CHONGQING CHINA

In accordance with principles and methods of ecology,this paper studies the effects of acidic deposition on productivity and volume increament of mass on pine and cinnamomum camphora forest which are widely distributed in southern suburbs of Chongqing.Based on the field data and measurements,a multivariable stepwise regression model was established to analyse the effe-cts of mutiple environmental factors on the priductivity of the forest ecosy-stems.This model was used to assess the volume and economic losses of the-se two forest ecosystems caused by acidic deposition.The result showed that,among the environmental faotors,pH value of precipitation soil depth,soil organic contents and slope are the dominant ones influencing the growth of masson pine forest.It is estimated that the losses caused by the impacts are up to 3.0332×10⁶ yuan/a in southern suburbs of Chongqing.It is also shown that the acidic deposition has no clear relation to the growth of cinnamomum camphora forest,so development of such broadleaved forest is suitable in the area.