黄河支流非点源污染物(N、P)排放量的估算

为了估算黄河支流域非点源污染物的排放量,为今后黄河流域的治理提供科学的依据,对黄河流域的6个子流域(渭河流域、泾河流域、洛河流域、无定河流域、窟野河流域、黄甫川流域)进行了水样、土样和泥沙样的采集分析;结合6个子流域的多年水文资料,利用已经被证明了的平均浓度法对黄河6个子流域的氮磷污染物进行了定量描述,估算出各个流域的氮磷排放量.结果表明,95%的全磷、大于53%的全氮来自于非点源污染,非点源污染是造成黄河污染的主要原因.各流域非点源污染的发生具有明显的地域分异特征.硝态氮主要来自于渭河,铵态氮主要来自于泾河,其次是渭河.从全氮看,绝大部分氮来自于渭河和泾河.全磷则主要来自于泾河,其次是渭河.泾河和渭河是6条河流中对黄河污染物排放量贡献最大的2条河流.

The estimation on loading of non-point source pollution(N,P)in different watersheds of Yellow River

In Order to Estimate Non-point Source of Pollution Loading of Yellow river, six typical effluents(Wei River watershed, Jing River watershed, Luo River watershed, Wuding River watershed, Kuye River watershed, Huang Fuchuan watershed)were chosen in this study.The total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen of sediment,soil and water samples in these six effluents have been measured. Combining with routine monitoring data of the six sub-watershed of Yellow River ,non-point source of pollution loading from these watersheds were described and estimated with the reformative practical-mean concentration method. The results indicated that non-point source of pollution contributed 95 % total phosphorus, and more than 53 % total nitrogen to total loading. Non-point source pollution was the dominant source of degrading water quality of Yellow River. The distribution of non-point sources of pollution from different effluents had distinct spatial characteristics. Most of nitrate nitrogen were from the watershed of Wei river whereas ammonium nitrogen were mainly from Jing river and Wei river . Most of total nitrogen of Yellow River came along from Wei river and Jing river. The total phosphorus content was bigger in Wei river,and the second higher one was Jing river. Therefore, among six effluents of Yellow River, Wei river and Jing river were the dominant sources for degrading water quality of Yellow River.