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中国水泥生产工艺的生命周期对比分析及建议
引用本文:姜睿,王洪涛,张浩,陈雪雪.中国水泥生产工艺的生命周期对比分析及建议[J].环境科学学报,2010,30(11):2361-2368.
作者姓名:姜睿  王洪涛  张浩  陈雪雪
作者单位:四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都,610065
基金项目:十一五”科技支撑计划项目(No.2006BAC02A02,2009BAC65B09)
摘    要:为了定量分析各种水泥生产工艺造成的环境影响以及工艺替代时可能造成的环境问题转移,采用生命周期评价(Life Cycle Assessment,LCA)方法,建立了大型、中型、小型新型干法、传统立窑、新型半干法(JT窑)5种典型水泥生产工艺从原材料开采到熟料生产的生命周期模型,对比分析了以上工艺生命周期过程中能耗、温室效应、酸化、可吸入无机物等主要环境影响类型的差异,提出并计算了大型新型干法替代其他工艺时的"平衡运输距离",并推导了其一般表达式.结果表明,由于大型新型干法工艺氮氧化物排放较多,使得工艺替代时可能伴随着环境问题从能耗、温室效应向酸化、可吸入无机物等影响类型转移;同时,由于产能增加,大型新型干法工艺也可能导致环境影响从生产阶段向运输阶段转移.从本文的案例研究可以看出,LCA方法可以定量分析不同环境影响类型之间和不同生命周期阶段之间的环境问题转移,能为技术评价和相关政策制定及实现全社会节能减排目标提供科学的依据与建议.

关 键 词:生命周期评价  水泥  熟料  工艺比较  环境问题转移  平衡运输距离
收稿时间:2/9/2010 4:05:29 AM
修稿时间:2010/5/21 0:00:00

Life cycle assessment of cement technologies in China and recommendations
JIANG Rui,WANG Hongtao,ZHANG Hao and CHEN Xuexue.Life cycle assessment of cement technologies in China and recommendations[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2010,30(11):2361-2368.
Authors:JIANG Rui  WANG Hongtao  ZHANG Hao and CHEN Xuexue
Institution:College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065,College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065,College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065 and College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065
Abstract:In order to assess the environmental impacts of cement production with different technologies and quantify the potential"environmental problem shifting"due to technology replacement,life cycle models of cement clinkers,produced with large/medium/small rotary kiln,shaft kiln and new semi-dry process (JTkiln),were developed based on life cycle assessment (LCA).Major environmental impacts,i.e.primary energy demand,global warming potential,acidification potential and respiratory inorganics,were analyzed and compared.Furthermore,the concept of"balance mileage"is proposed to indicate the problem shifting from production stage to transportation stage due to technology replacement.The balance mileage and its general formulas were obtained.This study shows that LCAcan support various technology assessments and policy-making to prevent environmental problem shifting.
Keywords:life cycle assessment  cement  clinker  technology comparison  environmental problem shifting  balance mileage
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