贵屿某电子垃圾拆解点附近大气颗粒物中氯代/溴代二噁英、四溴双酚A污染水平研究

对贵屿某电子垃圾拆解点附近大气颗粒物中氯代二英(PCDD/Fs)、溴代二英(PBDD/Fs)、四溴双酚A(TBBPA)含量水平进行了调查研究.结果显示,大气颗粒物中17种2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs和8种2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs的浓度范围分别为126.54～524.78pg·m-3和376.42～566.76pg·m-3;平均毒性当量(TEQ)分别为16.29pg·m-3、91.28pg·m-3,均高出目前所报道的国内外其它部分城市大气污染水平1～4个数量级,且PBDD/Fs的污染水平远远高于PCDD/Fs.四氯至八氯代PCDD/Fs同系物呈现出明显且特别的分布规律,PCDDs和PCDFs浓度均随着氯原子取代程度增加而降低.TBBPA的浓度范围为66.01～95.04ng·m-3,大气中PBDD/Fs浓度与之显著相关r=0.69.初步的暴露风险评价表明,当地居民每日通过呼吸摄入的二英含量远远超过了世界卫生组织(WHO)规定的人体每日耐受量(TDI)1～4pg(W-TEQ)·kg-·1d-1.

Particle-bound PCDD/Fs, PBDD/Fs and TBBPA in the atmosphere around an electronic waste dismantling site in Guiyu, China

A short-term sampling scheme was conducted to investigate the levels of particle-bound polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins / dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins / dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) and tetrabromobisphenol A in the atmosphere around an electronic waste dismantling area in Guiyu, China. The concentration of 2,3,7,8-PCDD/Fs and 2,3,7,8-PBDD/Fs were 126.54~524.78 pg·m^-3 and 376.42~566.76 pg·m^-3, respectively. The mean toxic equivalent (TEQ) values were 16.29 pg·m^-3 and 91.28 pg·m^-3, respectively, which were 1~4 orders of magnitude higher than those of other cities in the world. The PBDD/Fs pollution was much more serious than PCDD/Fs. Profiles of total native PCDD/F homologues in the air of Guiyu differed from typical urban air patterns reported in the literature, and the concentration of homologues decreased with the increase of the degree of chlorination. The concentration range of TBBPA was 66.01~95.04 ng·m^-3, and PBDD/F concentration had obvious regressive relationship with the TBBPA content in the particles (r=0.69). Our preliminary inhalation risk assessment showed that residents in Guiyu were at a high dioxins exposure risk. The total dioxins intake doses far exceeded the tolerable daily intake limit (1~4 pg of W-TEQ·kg^-1·d^-1) suggested by WHO.