提高植物修复效率的技术途径与强化措施

通过物理、化学或生物学手段,从土壤、植物及其生境3个方面着手来提高植物去除土壤重金属能力是植物修复技术应用研究的重要方向.对国内外植物修复过程中所应用的强化手段与辅助措施进行了一定的研究,分别阐述了施肥、水分管理、耕作栽培、修复剂、生物技术等方法的作用机制及应用效果.今后,植物修复技术需针对有应用前景的超富集植物进行生境特征的系统研究,并着重开发高效、低风险的土壤修复剂,注重植物修复成套技术的工程应用研究.

Enhancement of heavy metal removal in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals

Phytoremediation is a promising and environment-friendly method for cleanup of soils contaminated by heavy metals. Heavy metal removal in phytoremediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals can be enhanced by means of physics, chemistry and biotechnology. Phytoremediation efficiency has been proved to be elevated through applying some assistant measures, such as fertilization, irrigation, cultivation, additives, biotechnology and so on. Using these measures appropriately is helpful in increasing bioavailability of heavy metal in soils, enhancing growth of hyperaccumulator and improving the environment of plant growing. These measures using in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soils were summarized in this paper for identifying their function. Some promising hyperaceumulators should be paid more attention to further study. Undivided reagent for phytoremediation should be exploited for enhancing removal efficiency of heavy metal from soils. Engineering of phytoremediation will be further developed to dispose soil contamination with heavy metal.