高效石油降解菌的筛选及石油污染土壤生物修复特性的研究

从陕北石油污染土壤中富集分离、优选出7株菌株,并进一步研究了7株菌的生理生化特性.菌株鉴定结果表明,SY21为不动细菌属,SY22为奈瑟氏球菌属,SY23为邻单胞菌属、SY24为黄单胞菌属、SY42为动胶菌属、SY43为黄杆菌属、SY44为假单胞菌属.7株菌的降油试验结果表明,降解8d后,加菌试样的石油烃降解率均达到80%左右,7株菌的石油烃降解速率高于目前已有的报道.接种量越大,石油菌数量越多,石油烃降解率随接种量的增加而提高.采用SY43和SY23菌株对土壤进行生物修复,试验结果表明,投加高效菌株SY43和SY23均可在较短的时间内将土壤中的石油污染物去除,去除率可达88.4%和73.4%,其中菌株SY43的修复效果优于SY23.

Isolation of petroleum degradation bacteria and its application to bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil

7 strains of bacteria were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil in north of Shaanxi province and their physiological characteristics were investigated. Results showed that strain SY21 was Acinetobacter sp., strain SY22 Neisseria sp., strain SY23 Plesiomonas sp., strain SY24 Xanthomonas sp., strain SY42 Azotobacter sp., strain SY43 Flavobacterium sp., and strain SY44 Pseudomonas.sp.. Removal efficiency of the bacteria to TPH (Total Petroleum hydrocarbon) reached about 80% after 8 days' inoculation, which is higher than that of bacteria reported. For strain SY43, the more inoculation the higher removal efficiency to TPH achieved. The experiment of application strain SY43 and SY23 to remedy petroleum-contaminated soil indicated that they could remove 88.4% and 73.4% of TPH, respectively within short period. The strain SY43 was more efficient in bioremediation than that of SY23.