京津冀地区雾霾污染生态补偿标准研究

以京津冀地区雾霾污染作为研究对象,采用京津冀地区2006—2015年雾霾污染的空间面板数据,引入大气污染物减排成本模型,比较了京津冀各地区雾霾污染治理成本高低;继而基于机会成本法,核算了京津冀地区雾霾污染生态补偿标准.结果表明:河北省雾霾治理成本显著低于北京市和天津市,由河北省承担更多的雾霾污染治理任务,能使京津冀地区雾霾污染治理成本达到最小化;在京津冀地区联合治理雾霾污染过程中,河北省因限制工业增长对其经济发展带来负面影响,因此,北京市和天津市应给予河北省相应的生态补偿.最后依据研究结论提出完善区域联防联控机制的政策建议,如成立跨区域联合治理机构,健全雾霾污染生态补偿立法,设立雾霾污染生态补偿专项基金等,以此来促进京津冀地区雾霾污染生态补偿方案顺利实施.

Research on ecological compensation standard of haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

Taking the haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the research object, this paper introduces the cost model of air pollutant emission reduction to compare the cost of haze pollution control using the spatial panel data of haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 2006 to 2015. Then the ecological compensation standard of haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is calculated based on the opportunity cost method. The results show:The cost of haze pollution control in Hebei is significantly lower than those in Beijing and Tianjin. The cost of haze pollution control in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region can be minimized if Hebei undertakes more tasks of controlling haze pollution. In the process of joint control of haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, Hebei''s restriction on its industrial growth has a negative impact on Hebei''s economic development. Thus, Beijing and Tianjin should give the corresponding ecological compensation to Hebei. Finally, according to the conclusions of the study, some policy suggestions are proposed to improve the mechanism of regional joint prevention and control, such as setting up cross-regional joint governance institutions, perfecting legislation on ecological compensation of haze pollution and setting up special funds for ecological compensation of haze pollution. In this way, it promotes the successful implementation of ecological compensation program of haze pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.