北京市二个主要工业区汞污染及其来源的初步研究

为了调查北京市汞污染状况及其来源，选择二个主要工业区石景山区和朝阳区为研究对象．共采集表层土壤２６个，剖面样品４个，对照土壤样品４个，并且在冬季采集降雪样品和枯叶样品，分析汞含量．结果表明，燃煤烟尘排放的汞是北京市汞的主要来源，汽车尾气和化工厂泄漏可使局部汞含量增高，表层土壤中汞含量为００７—２７５ｍｇ／ｋｇ．土壤剖面中的汞含量在０—１００ｃｍ土层中均较高，其含量与土壤有机质和碳酸盐含量正相关．降雪中汞在０７—３７ｍｇ／Ｌ之间，明显高于背景值，其中大部分吸附在颗粒物上．枯叶中汞主要是从土壤吸收，并且有可能被雨水淋溶出来．

POLLUTION AND SOURCES OF Hg IN TOP SOIL IN TWO DISTRICT OF BEIJING CITY

12 top soil samples were collected along the leeward street from a big steel company to the center of the city. 14 top soil samples in a chemical industrial area were sampled random. Samples from various horizons at 5 locations and 7 snow samples were taken as well. Five soil samples were collected from uncontaminated district for comparison. The results indicated that the main sources of Hg pollution are dry and wet deposition of smoking dust emitted from coal combustion. The elevated Hg contents in soil of the chemical industry area are introduced by the exclusion of chemical production and the coal combustion. The huge amount of the dust emitted from steel industry causes the increased Hg concentration in top soil.