温榆河氨氮污染控制措施的效果模拟

以城市退水为主要补给水源的北京市温榆河呈现以氨氮(18.68 mg·L-1)污染为主的特征.针对温榆河的水质改善需求,本研究以氨氮为目标污染物,采用QUAL2K河流水质模型和情景分析方法,对温榆河污染防治与水质改善措施的效果进行量化评估.模拟结果表明,提高污水厂的处理量和排放标准是改善温榆河水质的关键,可降低温榆河北关闸断面氨氮浓度29.66％；建设旁路离线河流净化器可削减5.57％的氨氮污染,是温榆河水质改善的有效措施.本研究提出的包括改善上游来水水质、干流截污、支流污染控制、污水厂提标改造、建设旁路离线河流净化器和生态河道等措施在内的综合实施方案,可使得温榆河的水质全程达到地表水V类标准.

Assessment of ammonia nitrogen pollution control in Wenyu River by QUAL2K simulation

Wenyu River was mainly supplied by the non-conventional water sources such as effluent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), thus suffered by severe ammonia nitrogen pollution. In order to quantitatively evaluate the performance of restoration programs in Wenyu River, QUAL2K model and scenario analysis were employed for water quality improvement simulation. Results showed that increasing both practical treatment capacity and discharge standards of WWTPs in the watershed of Wenyu River would be the most effective ways to improve the Wenyu River water quality, which could decrease ammonia nitrogen concentration by 29.66% at Beiguan Dam. Construction of bypass and off-line river purification systems in Wenyu River could reduce ammonia nitrogen concentration by 5.57% at Beiguan Dam. A comprehensive plan including upstream water quality improvement, sewage interception, pollution control of sidestreams, upgrade of WWTPs, and construction of bypass off-line river purification system, could reduce the ammonia nitrogen in the whole Wenyu River below the Class V surface water standard of China (GB3838-2002).