环渤海滨海湿地土壤磷形态特征研究

利用SMT分级方法和液相31P核磁共振分析方法,研究了环渤海典型滨海湿地表层土壤磷形态.结果发现,湿地土壤中总磷在410.35~691.57 mg·kg-1之间,其中以HCl-P为主,占总磷的46.67%~82.95%;较易释放的Na OH-P含量较少,占4.98%~22.31%;同时,由于有机质含量丰富,有机磷含量也较高,在受水产养殖污染的湿地中,有机磷含量明显偏高.使用31P-NMR技术在湿地土壤中共检测到6类磷化合物:正磷酸盐(Ortho-P)、磷酸单酯(Mono-P)、磷脂(Lipid-P)、DNA磷(DNA-P)、焦磷酸盐(Pyro-P)及膦酸盐(Phon-P),其中以正磷酸盐为主,含量在181.69~350.64 mg·kg-1之间;磷酸单酯为有机磷的主要组分,占总量的5.25%~37.17%.渤海湾南部湿地土壤中有机磷含量明显高于北部湿地,以稳定性较高的磷酸单酯为主,同时,DNA磷较多地存在于南部湿地,北部湿地含量极少,说明南部湿地微生物活性较高.

Detection of phosphorus components in the soils of coastal wetlands surrounding Bohai Sea

Phosphorus (P) components in the soils of coastal wetlands surrounding Bohai Sea were detected by SMT protocol and ³¹P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (³¹P-NMR). The total P (TP) content in the wetlands soils ranged from 410.35 to 691.57 mg · kg^-1. The main component was HCl-P accounting for 46.67% to 82.95%, while NaOH-P which can be released easily was significantly less. In addition, the organic phosphorus (OP) content was relatively high due to the rich organic matter, especially in the wetlands polluted by aquaculture. Six P species, including two inorganic P species (orthophosphate and pyrophosphate) and four OP components (phosphonate, orthophosphate monoesters, phospholipids and DNA) were detected in the NaOH-EDTA extracts by ³¹P-NMR. The main content orthophosphate was between 181.69 and 350.64 mg · kg^-1, and the orthophosphate monoesters as a main kind of components of the OP, accounted for 5.25% to 37.17% of the TP. The orthophosphate monoesters in the southern wetlands were more than those in the northern wetlands. DNA-P presented in most of the southern wetlands, indicating higher microbial activities.