控制车用汽油有害物质降低机动车排放

首先介绍了汽油成分的基本特性，及不同组分对于排放的影响。汽油组成中硫对汽车排放影响较大；芳烃和苯的排放对人体健康有害；烯烃不仅是影响发动机喷嘴、进气阀及燃烧室沉积物生成的重要因素，而且影响光化学烟雾的形成。中国汽油的特点是烯烃含量高，芳烃和苯含量低，硫含量有上升的趋势。还介绍了国外汽油组成的变化趋势和发展动向，根据上述特点，在《车用汽油有害物质控制标准》中对９ 项指标提出了上限值：苯为２－５ ％ ；烯烃为３５ ％ ；芳烃为４０ ％ ；锰为１８ ｍｇ／Ｌ；铅为１３ ｍｇ／Ｌ；磷为１－３ ｍｇ／Ｌ；硫为０－０８ ％ ；铁和铜不得检出

Control the Hazardous Materials in the Motor Vehicle Gasoline, Then Decrease the Vehicle Emission

The basic characters of the gasoline and their impacts on the emission were firstly introduced.The sulfur in the gasoline is an important component affecting vehicle emission;aromatics and benzene are harmful to humans;olefins in the gasoline not only have an important impact on the deposits on fuel injectors,intake valve and combustion chamber,but also influence the formation of the photochemical smog.The characters of the gasoline currently used in China's automobiles were then figured out.It has high olefins content,low aromatics and benzene;the sulfur content in the gasoline has an increasing trend.The trend of fuel development overseas was also introduced.Based on the above analysis,in the Hazardous Materials Control Standard for Motor Vehicle Gasoline,high limitation for nine indexes were forwarded.These indexes include:benzene,2.5%;olefins,35%;aromatics,40%;Manganes,18 mg/L;lead,13 mg/L;phosphor,1.3 mg/L;sulfur,0.08%;iron and copper,not detected.