高含沙紊动系统中影响泥沙和铜垂向分布的关键因素分析

采用谐振式紊动模拟装置和回归正交设计试验方法，研究了均匀紊乱条件下高浓度固液两相系统中初始投沙量、颗粒级配和紊动强度等因素对泥沙和铜浓度垂向分布的影响，得到了泥沙吸附铜量、水相铜浓度和含沙量与各因素变量间的回归方程，结果表明，投沙量与泥沙吸附铜量和水相铜浓度之间呈负相关关系；紊动强度与泥沙吸附铜量和含沙量之间呈正相关关系，回归正交试验结果进一步表明，泥沙吸附铜量和水相铜浓度均与投沙量显著相关，各因素对两者的影响程度均以投沙量影响为最大，而且远远大于紊动强度和颗粒级配的影响，三因素对铜的水沙分配没有交互作用影响，沿垂向分布的实际含沙量与投沙量、紊动强度及其交互项显著相关，投沙量影响最大。

Controlling factors on sediment-copper vertical distribution in hyper-concentrated turbulent system

A quantitative analysis on effects of three controlling factors such as initial sediment content, turbulent intensity and grain size distribution on variations of the vertical profiles of sediment and copper in a vertically uniform turbulent field of the mixture of loess and water was given. The analysis was made on the basis of fundamental experiments completed in the specially designed turbulent simulation equipment with the main body of a cylinder. A test method of the regression orthogonal design was used. The initial sediment content ranges from 10 to 400 kg/m\+3. The relation between the controlling factors and the study objectives such as particulate copper content, sediment concentration and dissolved copper concentration were well established. It was found that the initial sediment content is closely interrelated to both particulate copper content and dissolved copper concentration negatively,however, the turbulent intensity is interrelated to both particulate copper content and sediment concentration positively. Based on the orthogonal analysis, the impact on the particulate copper content and dissolved copper concentration by the initial sediment content is much bigger than that by the turbulent intensity and the grain size. The experimental results show that the initial sediment content has significant effect on the control of the copper partition in water and sediment. Moreover, the vertical sediment concentration distribution is closely interrelated to the initial sediment content, turbulent intensity and their cross\|correlation term.