猪粪堆肥中一株溶磷菌的筛选鉴定及溶磷能力初步测定

从猪粪堆肥中分离纯化得到一株具有较强溶磷能力的菌株PSM-1,进行了形态学和分子生物学鉴定,研究了其溶磷能力和遗传稳定性.结果表明:通过菌落形态和ITS基因序列分析鉴定,菌株PSM-1为产黄青霉(Penicillium chrysogenum);在3种不同无机磷源液体培养基中其溶磷量依次为Ca3(PO4)2(138.36 mg·L-1)Fe PO4(117.38 mg·L-1)Al PO4(113.76 mg·L-1),且PSM-1的溶磷量均与培养液p H值呈现出显著负相关性;以葡萄糖为碳源、硝酸铵为氮源时,菌株PSM-1的溶磷量最高可达195.67 mg·L-1,比初始有效磷高141.42%;该菌株对碳源和氮源的利用效率分别依次为:葡糖糖蔗糖麦芽糖淀粉,硝酸铵硝酸钾硫酸铵草酸铵;经过20次传代培养后PSM-1的溶磷量保持在(124.54±3.50)mg·L-1,说明其溶磷遗传稳定性良好.研究表明:PSM-1菌株具有良好的溶解无机磷的能力,在土壤微生态改良方面具有重要的应用潜力.

Screening and identification of a phosphate solubilizing strain isolated from pig manure compost and determination of its phosphate solubilizing capacity

A strain PSM-1 with strong ability to dissolve phosphates was isolated from pig manure compost. It was identified by morphology and ITS gene sequence analysis. The phosphate solubilizing ability and genetic stability of PSM-1 were tested. The results indicated that the strain was identified as Penicillium chrysogenum based on its morphological features and ITS gene sequence. The order of dissolving phosphorus in three different inorganic phosphorus liquid media were: Ca₃(PO₄)₂(138.36 mg · L^-1)> FePO₄(117.38 mg · L^-1) >AlPO₄(113.76 mg · L^-1). Moreover, the quantity of dissolved phosphorus (QDP) and pH values in culture medium had significantly negative correlation. The strain PSM-1 achieved the highest QDP of 195.67 mg · L^-1 when glucose as carbon source and ammonium nitrate as nitrogen source, which was higher than the initial available phosphorus of 141.42%. The order of the carbon and source utilization efficiency by the strain was glucose >sucrose> maltose> starch, and ammonium nitrate >nitrate >ammonium sulfate >ammonium oxalate, respectively. The QDP of PSM-1 was maintained around (124.54±3.50) mg · L^-1 after 20 times serial subcultivation, which indicated that the strain had a good genetic stability. The results suggested that the strain PSM-1 has desired solubilizing phosphate capacity, and it has potential applications in the soil ecological amendment.