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2013年1月中国东部地区重污染过程中上海市细颗粒物的来源追踪模拟研究
引用本文:安静宇,李莉,黄成,王杨君,黄海英,陈长虹,严茹莎,李浩,周敏,卢清,乔利平,楼晟荣,王红丽,王倩,陈明华.2013年1月中国东部地区重污染过程中上海市细颗粒物的来源追踪模拟研究[J].环境科学学报,2014,34(10):2635-2644.
作者姓名:安静宇  李莉  黄成  王杨君  黄海英  陈长虹  严茹莎  李浩  周敏  卢清  乔利平  楼晟荣  王红丽  王倩  陈明华
作者单位:东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 201620;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;上海大学环境与化学工程学院,上海200444;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海 201620;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233;国家环境保护城市大气复合污染成因与防治重点实验室(筹),上海 200233;上海市环境科学研究院,上海 200233
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(No.41205122,41105102);公益性科研专项计划课题 (No.201409008,201209001);上海市科委科技攻关项目(No.11231200500)
摘    要:大气PM2.5是当前我国城市和区域面临的最突出的大气污染问题,然而PM2.5及其关键组分污染的来源不清,严重制约了人们对PM2.5 的科学认知和污染防控的步伐.本研究以2013年1月中国东部地区一次典型重污染过程为研究案例,利用CAMx三维模型中耦合了物种示踪机制的颗粒物来源追踪方法,探讨和揭示了中国东部地区代表性城市上海及周边地区共4个源区(上海、苏南、浙北、大区域)、8类污染源(包括燃烧源、生产工艺过程、流动源、生活面源、挥发源、扬尘源、农业源、天然源)对上海城区大气中PM2.5及其关键组分包括水溶性无机离子(SO2-4、NO-3、NH+4)、元素碳(EC)和有机碳(OC)的污染贡献.研究结果表明,2013年1月份中国东部出现严重灰霾污染期间,上海城区PM2.5的主要区域贡献为上海本地污染源排放累积(PM2.5浓度贡献平均为55.4%±22.3%)和长距离输送(38.4%±20.0%).上海地区8类主要排放源中,扬尘源贡献均值最大,达到30.7%±31.8%,其次为燃烧源18.2%±15.6%、流动源18.6%±17.5%、挥发类源16.9%±18.0%.对上海市PM2.5组分的源解析研究发现,燃烧源对细颗粒物中硫酸盐和硝酸盐的浓度贡献最大,其浓度贡献分别达到56.2%和55.9%.铵盐中72.4%来源于挥发类源贡献,元素碳约78.3%来自于交通源贡献.挥发类源排放和流动源是主要的有机气溶胶贡献源,浓度贡献分别为36.2%和32.5%.

关 键 词:细颗粒物|颗粒物来源追踪|上海
收稿时间:2013/12/28 0:00:00
修稿时间:4/3/2014 12:00:00 AM

Source apportionment of the fine particulate matter in Shanghai during the heavy haze episode in eastern China in January 2013
AN Jingyu,LI Li,HUANG Cheng,WANG Yangjun,HUANG Haiying,CHEN Changhong,YAN Rush,LI Hao,ZHOU Min,LU Qing,QIAO Liping,LOU Shengrong,WANG Hongli,WANG Qian and CHEN Minghua.Source apportionment of the fine particulate matter in Shanghai during the heavy haze episode in eastern China in January 2013[J].Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae,2014,34(10):2635-2644.
Authors:AN Jingyu  LI Li  HUANG Cheng  WANG Yangjun  HUANG Haiying  CHEN Changhong  YAN Rush  LI Hao  ZHOU Min  LU Qing  QIAO Liping  LOU Shengrong  WANG Hongli  WANG Qian and CHEN Minghua
Institution:School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex,Shanghai 200233;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233
Abstract:Currently,PM2.5 is the most significant air pollution issue in both urban and regional areas in China.However,the pollution sources of PM2.5 and its major components are still not clear,which hinders scientific understanding and effective pollution control of PM2.5.In this study,a heavy haze episode during January 2013 in Shanghai and the surrounding Yangtze River Delta region was selected as the study target.Particulate matter source apportionment technology (PSAT) coupled with the tagged-species method in CAMx model was applied to study the pollution contributions to PM2.5 and its major components in Shanghai.The major components in PM2.5 include water soluble inorganic ions (including sulfate,nitrate and ammonia),elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC).Contributions from 4 areas (including Shanghai,Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Super-region) and 8 emission sectors (including dust,combustion source,industrial processing,mobile source,residential,volatile emissions,agriculture and biogenic source) to PM2.5 and its major components in Shanghai are quantified.Results show that the major region contributing to high PM2.5 in Shanghai are local emissions (accounting for 55.4%±22.3%) and super-regional transport (38.4%±20.0%).Among the local emission sectors,fugitive dust is the most important contributor to high PM2.5,with the contribution of 30.7%±31.8%,followed by combustion source (18.2%±15.6%), transport (18.6%±17.5%),and volatile source (16.9%±18.0%).In terms of the PM2.5 major components,combustion source is the major contributor to sulfate and nitrate,with the average contribution of 56.2% and 55.9%,respectively;Volatile emission source is the major contributor to ammonia,accounting for 72.4%;transport is the largest contributor to elemental carbon (78.3%);Volatile emissions and mobile source are the most important contributors to organic carbon,accounting for 36.2% and 32.5%,respectively.
Keywords:fine particulate matter|particulate matter source apportionment technology|Shanghai
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