苏州市人为源挥发性有机物排放清单及特征

掌握挥发性有机物(VOCs)排放清单是研究区域大气复合污染和控制策略的基础.本文通过结合国内外学者的源清单研究成果对苏州市人为源VOCs进行系统分类,并根据苏州市相关统计数据和实地调研结果,采用排放因子法建立了苏州市2016年人为源VOCs排放理论值清单.结果表明,2016年苏州市人为源VOCs排放总量约为2.75×10~5 t,其中,生物质燃烧源、化石燃料燃烧源、工业过程源、溶剂使用源、移动源、储存源和生活源分别占排放总量的3.9%、4.3%、22.8%、36.7%、24.0%、6.3%和2.0%.纺织印染、电子设备制造、机械设备制造、橡胶塑料制品生产、基础化学原料制造及建筑装饰、轻型客车制造是苏州市人为源VOCs排放的重点行业(产业),排放量均超过1×10~(4 )t.苏州市各县级市及市辖区中,市辖6区及张家港市的总排放量较高,约占总排放量的60%,张家港市和昆山市的平均排放强度较高,均超过了40 t·km~(-2).

Emission inventory and characteristics of volatile organic compounds from anthropogenic sources in Suzhou City

The inventory of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission was the foundation of research on regional air pollution and pollution control policy making. Anthropogenic VOCs emission sources were classified into seven categories. The inventory of the anthropogenic VOCs emission of Suzhou in 2016, based on statistical data and survey results, was developed via using emission factor method. The result showed that the total emission of Suzhou in 2016 was about 2.75×10⁵ t, of which 3.9%, 4.3%, 22.8%, 36.7%, 24.0%, 6.3% and 2.0% respectively resulted from biomass burning, fossil fuel combustion, industrial processes, solvent utilization, mobile source, storage and distribution of fuel and domestic pollution source. Since the dyeing industry, electronic equipment manufacturing, machinery manufacturing, rubber and plastic products production, basic chemical raw material manufacturing, architectural decoration, and light vehicles manufacturing are key industries in Suzhou, every of them emit more than 1×10⁴ t of VOCs annually. Among the county-level cities and municipal districts, the 6 districts of Suzhou and Zhangjiagang were the two major areas with the highest emission amount, which contributed 60% of the total VOCs emissions, notably the average emission intensity of VOCs in Zhangjiagng and Kunshan exceeded 40 t·km^-2.