黄河包头段水-沉积物系统中重金属的污染特征

以系统的形态分析实验研究为基础 ,结合上覆水、悬浮物、沉积物及孔隙水中重金属的分布特征 ,评价了黄河包头段水体中重金属 (Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd)的潜在危害程度 .结果表明 ,黄河包头段干流沉积物中Pb、Cd等重金属具有较大的潜在生态危害性 ,更易造成污染 ;包头市工业废水对黄河干流水体重金属污染有明显的迭加作用 .此外 ,分层位 (按深度 )计算的SQC值结果揭示 ,用表层沉积物或不同层位 (深度 )的混合沉积物所得沉积物重金属质量基准代表某一区域或河段沉积物重金属质量基准有一定的风险性 .

Pollution character of heavy metals in the water-sediment system from Baotou section of the Yellow River

The numerous experimental researches were carried out on chemical forms of heavy metals to assess pollution characteristics of heavy metals of the sediments in the Baotou section of the Yellow River. Based on the experimental researches, using sediment quality criteria (SQC), and combining heavy metals distribution in the water column, suspensions, sediments and porewater, the potential risk of heavy metals in the sediments and piled effect of pollution on the industrial wastewater from the Baotou city for the mainstream of the Yellow River was assessed. The results showed that the trend of change of concentrations of heavy metals in the surface sediments is basically same as that in the suspensions, and the concentrations of heavy metals in the porewater are higher than those in the water column in the mainstream of the Baotou section of the Yellow River. The preliminary Sediment Quality Criteria (SQC) value showed that Pb and Cd are more harmful and easier pollution than Cu and Zn in the sediments. The industrial wastewaters from the Baotou city have obviously piled pollution effect on the mainstream of the Yellow River. In addition, the SQC calculated according to depth showed that it isn't appropriate that SQC values in a certain area or in a certain river section are represented for SQC values that are gotten from the mixed sediments of different depth sediments or the surface sediments.