富营养化水体水生植物群落构建技术的应用

为探究水生植物群落构建技术对富营养化水体的生态修复效果，选取芦苇、黄菖蒲、美人蕉、千屈菜、狐尾藻、黑藻、眼子菜、铜钱草、睡莲9种水生植物进行净水小试。结果表明:9种水生植物对富营养化水体均具备较好的净化效果，其对TN、NH₄+-N、TP和COD去除率分别达49.97%~97.89%、75.66%~99.92%、55.91%~95.87%和57.19%~67.87%。基于小试实验结果，在滴水湖C港引水河开展水生植物生态修复示范工程建设。对修复前后水体进行理化指标监测，结果表明，TN、NH₄+-N、TP和COD_Mn指数分别下降了25.87%、56.60%、18.42%和29.25%，叶绿素降低了60.1%，溶解氧和透明度分别增加了45.73%和28.68%。生态修复后，示范区由中度营养化降低为轻度营养化，表明水生植物群落构建技术配置合理，对生态修复效果较为显著。

APPLICATION OF AQUATIC PLANTS COMMUNITY BUILDING TECHNOLOGY IN EUTROPHIC WATER RESTORATION

In order to study the ecological restoration effect of eutrophic water by aquatic plants, nine aquatic macrophytes, including Phragmites communis, Iris pseudacorus L., Canna indica L., Lythrum salicaria L., Myriophyllum verticillatum L., Hydrilla verticillata, Potamogeton distinctus, Hydrocotyle vulgaris and Nymphaea L. were selected to investigate their purification effect. The results showed that all of the nine plants exhibited obvious purification effects on eutrophic water, the removal rates of TN, TP, NH₄+-N and COD could achieve 49.97%~97.89%, 75.66%~99.92%, 55.91%~95.87% and 57.19%~67.87 respectively. According to the result of laboratory scale experiment, the demonstration water restoration project was designed and applied in Chanel C, Dishui Lake. The reults showed that the concentration of TN, TP, NH₄+-N and COD_Mn were decreased by 25.87%, 56.60%, 18.42% and 29.25% after ecological restoration, and the value of chlorophyll was decreased by 60.1% after restoration. The dissolved oxygen and transparency was increased by 45.73% and 28.68%, respectively. Meanwhile, the demonstration area was transformed from medium level eutrophication to mild level after restoration, which indicated that the application of ecological restoration by aquatic plants exhibited significant performance in water purification.