超高温自发热好氧堆肥工艺处理生活垃圾探究

超高温自发热已被应用于剩余污泥好氧堆肥，然而该技术对生活垃圾好氧堆肥过程的影响尚不清晰。此外，固氮剂过磷酸钙（CS）对超高温自发热好氧堆肥处理生活垃圾的影响也不明确。以生活垃圾为研究对象，建立空白组（R1）和添加CS （R2）的生活垃圾超高温自发热堆肥体系，探究了CS影响下生活垃圾超高温自发热过程中温度、含氧量、含水率、温室气体释放、溶解性COD及腐熟指标的变化规律，分析CS对生活垃圾堆肥后微生物群落特征的影响。结果表明:实验组温度最高为80.3℃，高于空白组，且最低含氧量、含水率均低于R1。实验组中甲烷和N₂O的最大释放速率分别为0.09，1.3 g/（kg·d），均显著低于空白组，CS存在有助于生活垃圾堆肥保氮。此外，实验组中溶解COD的最大含量为42.3 mg/g，略高于R1，CS利于堆体中有机物释放。微生物群落分析表明，实验组中Saccharomonospor和Planifilum的相对丰度分别为25.6%和10.3%，堆体腐熟程度较高。

TREATMENT OF DOMESTIC WASTE BY ULTRA-HIGH TEMPERATURE SPONTANEOUS HEATING AEROBIC COMPOSTING PROCESS

Ultra-high temperature spontaneous heating has been applied to aerobic composting of excess sludge. However, the effect of this technology on aerobic composting of domestic waste was not clear. In addition, the effect of nitrogen fixing agent calcium superphosphate (CS) on ultra-high temperature spontaneous heating aerobic composting for domestic waste treatment was not clear, either. In this study, the blank group (R1) and the composting system with CS (R2) were established. The changes of temperature, oxygen content, moisture content, greenhouse gas release, soluble COD and maturity index, in the process of super-high temperature spontaneous heating of domestic waste under the influence of CS were investigated. The effects of CS on the microbial community characteristics of domestic waste composting were analyzed. The results showed that the highest temperature of R2 was 80.3℃, higher than that of blank group, and the lowest oxygen content and water content were lower than that of R1. The maximum releasing rates of methane and N₂O in R2 were 0.09 g/(kg·d) and 1.3 g/(kg·d), respectively, significantly lower than those in R1. The presence of CS was beneficial to nitrogen conservation in MSW composting. In addition, the maximum soluble COD content in R2 was 42.3 mg/g, slightly higher than that in R1. CS was beneficial to the release of organic matter in the reactor. The relative abundance of Saccharomonospor and Planifilum in R2 was 25.6% and 10.3% respectively, and the maturity of the stack was also higher.