微波辐照制备花生壳活性炭研究

以花生壳为原料通过微波辐照制备了具有高比表面积并含有大量中孔的活性炭。讨论了活化剂类型、浸渍时间、浸渍比、活化剂浓度、微波功率和辐照时间对花生壳活性炭制备的影响。结果表明:相较磷酸和氢氧化钠,采用氯化锌活化剂制备的花生壳活性炭有更好的碘吸附性能;在浸渍浓度为40%,浸渍比为1∶6,浸渍时间为48 h,微波功率为500 W,辐照时间为6 min的条件下,制备的花生壳活性炭碘吸附值和亚甲基蓝吸附值分别为(898.6±12.8)mg/g和(46.2±3.8)mg/g;微波辐照工艺制备的活性炭,其碘吸附与亚甲基蓝吸附能力均优于马弗炉工艺;花生壳活性炭的碘吸附与亚甲基蓝吸附能力均优于市售活性炭。

STUDY ON PREPARATION OF PEANUT SHELL-BASED AETIVATED CRABON BY MICROWAVE IRRADIATION

The paper prepared activated carbon ( AC) with high specific surface and considerable mesopores from peanut shell by microwave irradiation，and studied effects of the type of activators，impregnation time，impregnation ratio，the concentration of activators，microwave power and irradiation time on the adsorption capacity of AC． The results showed that: Peanut shell-based AC with zinc chloride activation had higher adsorption capacity compared with phosphoric acid and sodium hydroxide． Under the conditions of impregnation ratio of 80% zinc chloride and impregnation ratio of 1∶ 6，with microwave power of 500W for 6 min，the prepared carbons had the maximal adsorption rate，and the adsorption property on methylene blue and iodin of the peanut shellbased ACs were ( 898. 6 ±12. 8) mg/g and ( 46. 2 ± 3. 8) mg/g，respectively． The experiment also revealed that AC prepared by microwave irradiation had higher adsorption capacity on methylene blue and iodin compared with that by muffle furnace． Meanwhile， AC prepared from peanut shell had higher adsorption capacity on methylene blue and iodin compared with that by AC in sales．