天津生态城水系统构建与海绵建设技术研究及实践

围绕天津生态城高标准水系统建设目标,分析不同发展阶段的水环境问题与技术需求,全方位开展水系统及海绵城市规划、建设与管理技术研究,创新形成了统筹所有涉水设施的生态城市新型水系统规划模式、耦合大水系构建与全过程灰绿蓝结合的海绵城市规划策略,研发了非常规水多源多功能净化处理技术、景观水体水质保持与生态修复技术、盐碱区域生物滞留设施雨水径流污染控制技术、盐碱影响下的雨水调蓄与利用技术、基于盐渍土改良和耐盐植物群落构建的景观生态改善技术,建立了融合水动力-水质耦合模型、多水源补水优化调度模型和内涝模型的天津生态城水系统智能化管理平台。该技术成果在天津生态城水系统和海绵城市规划、建设与管理中得到应用,实现非常规水利用率超50%、水体水质达GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅳ类,年径流总量控制率>80%,径流污染削减率>65%(以SS计),年雨水资源化利用总量达30余万m3,优化了水资源结构并提高了水资源利用效率,全面改善了天津生态城水环境质量,提升了涉水设施动态联动联控的协同管理水平,为同类型地区水系统和海绵城市高标准建设提供了参考和借鉴。

RESEARCH AND PRACTICE ON WATER SYSTEM AND SPONGE CITY CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY OF TIANJIN ECO-CITY

Focusing on the goal of building a high-standard water system of Tianjin Eco-city, this paper analyzed the water environment problems and technical need at different stages of development, comprehensively carried out research on the planning, construction and management technology of water system and sponge city, and innovatively formed a new water system planning mode of Eco-city that coordinated all water related facilities, and a sponge city planning strategy that combined the construction of large water systems with the whole process of gray, green and blue. It developed the technology of multi-source and multi-functional purification and treatment of unconventional water, the technology of water quality maintenance and ecological restoration of landscape water, the rainwater runoff pollution control technology of biological detention facilities in saline alkali areas, the rainwater regulation and utilization technology under the influence of saline alkali, the landscape ecological improvement technology based on the improvement of saline soil and the construction of salt tolerant plant communities. And it constructed Tianjin Eco-city water system intelligent management platform, based on the water hydrodynamic-quality coupling model, multi-source water replenishment optimization scheduling model and waterlogging model. The research results had been applied to the planning, construction and management of the water system of Tianjin Eco-city and sponge city, achieving an unconventional water utilization rate of 50% above, water quality class Ⅳ of Environmental Quality Standards for Suface Water(GB 3838—2002), an annual total runoff control rate of 80% above, a runoff pollution reduction rate of 65% above(based on SS), and an annual total rainwater resource utilization of more than 300000 m3. It also optimized the structure of water resources, improved the efficiency of water resource utilization, and comprehensively improved the water environment quality of Tianjin Eco-city. The collaborative management level of dynamic linkage and joint control of water related facilities had been improved. The former saline alkali wasteland has become a prosperous and livable new city, which provided reference for the high standard construction of water systems and sponge cities in similar regions.