住宅装修垃圾产生量特性分析及管理对策:以北京市大兴旧宫为例

采用面积折算法对北京大兴旧宫装配式建筑工程新建房屋装修垃圾进行估算,用蒙特卡洛模拟分析翻新周期,并预估翻新垃圾年产量;对惰性装修垃圾污染物特征分析,并提出了针对北京市装修垃圾的管理建议。具体结果为:住宅区新装修垃圾量为164.08 t,相对误差约为9.58%。运用Oracle Crystal Ball进行蒙特卡罗模拟分析,进行20000次模拟可知,北京市住宅建筑翻新周期为7~10年;并进行未来翻新预估,得出翻新装修面积为UA=A_y-15,r … A_y-4,r]×t;惰性装修垃圾中重金属As、Pb、Cd、Cr和Zn均超过北京市环境背景值。为避免直接堆放或填埋造成环境污染,须加强源头施工装修活动管控,对有毒有害成分实施专项处置方案,并建立装修垃圾无害化监测管理体系。该结果可为不同类型装修垃圾专项处理方案制定提供有效的数据参考。

CHARACTERISTICS OF RESIDENTIAL DECORATION WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT COUNTERMEASURES:A CASE STUDY ON OLD PALACE AREA IN DAXING DISTRICT,BEIJING

The product of decoration waste of newly-built houses in Beijing Daxing Old Palace assembly construction project was estimated by the area conversion algorithm,the renovation cycle was analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation,and the output of newly-built residential building renovation waste every year was estimated,and the suggestions of decoration waste management in Beijing was put forward by analysing the characteristics of inert decoration waste pollutants.The specific results was as follows:the amount of newly decorated waste in residential areas was 164.08 t,the relative error was about 9.58%.Using Oracle Crystal Ball to conduct Monte Carlo simulation analysis,the results showed that the renovation cycle of residential buildings was 7 to 10 years in Beijing by 20000 times simulations;through future refurbishment estimates,the formula of refurbished decoration area is UA=A_y-15,r …A_y-4,r]×t;the heavy metals of As,Pb,Cd,Cr and Zn in the inert decoration waste exceeded the environmental background value of Beijing.To avoid environmental pollution caused by direct stacking or landfilling,the control of source decoration activities must be strengthened,the special disposal plan for the toxic and harmful components must be proposed,and harmless monitoring and management for decoration waste must be established.The results can provide references for the development of specialized treatment plans for different types of decoration waste.