铅蓄电池厂遗留场地重金属污染分析及健康风险评价

以苏州某地区铅蓄电池厂遗留的污染地块作为研究对象,采用内梅罗综合污染指数法和人体健康风险评价模型分别对场地土壤中的污染物种类、污染程度以及健康风险进行了分析评价,并结合Surfer中的克里金插值法分析了人体健康风险的空间分布。结果表明:该遗留场地土壤中主要重金属污染物为Pb和As,其中Pb已达到重度污染程度,As为轻度污染水平。通过人体健康风险评价,发现As对儿童及成人的致癌风险CR值均超过可接受值10-6,对人体存在一定的致癌风险。另外,由IEUBK模型计算得到儿童体内血Pb质量浓度超过10μg/dL的概率高达68.6%,远高于规定的安全概率限值5%。由此得出,该场地中Pb和As存在较高的健康风险,在重新开发利用前须对场地土壤进行修复治理。

POLLUTION ANALYSIS AND HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METALS IN FIELD LEFT BY A LEAD-ACID BATTERY FACTORY

Taking the contaminated land left by a lead-acid battery factory in Suzhou as the research object, the types of pollutants, pollution degree and health risk in the site soil were analyzed and evaluated by using Nemero comprehensive pollution index method and human health risk assessment model, and the spatial distribution of human health risk was analyzed by Kriging interpolation method in surfer. The results showed that the main heavy metal pollutants in the plot soil were lead and arsenic. The polluted level of the metal lead(Pb) reached a heavy degree, while metal arsenic(As) was at light pollution level. Through the risk assessment of pollutants on human health, it was found that the CR value of As' s carcinogenic risk for children and adults exceeded the acceptable value of 10-6, thus there was a certain carcinogenic risk for human body. In addition, the probability of children's blood lead concentration exceeding 10 μg/dL calculated by ieubk model was as high as 68.6%, which was much higher than the safety probability limit of 5%. It was concluded that there were high health risks of heavy metals lead and As in the site, and it was necessary to repair the site soil before redevelopment and utilization.