垃圾焚烧灰性质分析及控制方法

随着焚烧技术在垃圾处理方式中普遍采用,焚烧产生的灰渣数量也日益增加。灰渣与飞灰中有毒的重金属及有机物质会污染土壤与地下水,对人类健康造成极大的影响。本文对各类垃圾焚烧灰渣的物理化学性质及重金属浸出特性进行了详细的阐述,介绍了灰渣的毒性分析与控制方法。通过分析可知:为了避免灰渣二次污染应该重点控制铬、镉、铍、铅等重金属和二恶英、呋喃等有机物的污染;处置后的灰渣有害离子浸出能力降低,根据灰渣物理和工程性质,可以成为再生资源充当填充材料和混凝土与沥青路面骨料等。

ANAIYSIS OF PROPERTIES OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE INCINERATION ASHES AND ITS CONTROLING METHODS

With the widely use of incineration technology in municipal solid waste(MSW) treatment,the quantity of incineration ashes is increasing.There are various toxic heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration ashes and fly ashes,the soil and groundwater were contaminated by these toxic heavy metals.It causes tremendous influence on the health of human beings.In this study,the properties of different MSW incineration ashes and the leaching characteristic of heavy metals are elaborated.At the same time,introduces the MSW incineration ashes toxicity analysis and controlling means.The results show that :To avoid secondary pollution,we should focus the pollution of heavy metals such as Cd,Cr,Be and organic matters like PCDDs,PCDFs.The leaching ability of the harmful ions in treatment ashes is reducing.According to the physical and mechanical properties of MSW ashes,it can be recycled resource to be used as filled composite,concrete and asphalt pavement aggregate and so on.