基于生命周期思想的透水铺装资源环境影响评价述评

透水铺装作为典型的海绵城市设施，具有城市雨水径流减排、水质净化等多种环境效益，但在材料制备、施工、维护管理过程中相对于传统铺装资源能源消耗有所增加，亟须应用生命周期评价这一系统分析方法，开展透水铺装的资源环境效益的综合评估。通过文献述评，总结了生命周期评价方法应用于透水铺装评估的现状与面临的挑战，并提出了相应对策:将运行维护阶段纳入评价系统边界，有助于提升透水铺装资源环境评价的全面性；针对生命周期评价结果难以指导工程设计的问题，建议将生命周期评价与建筑信息模型相结合，优化透水铺装的绿色设计；针对透水效应动态变化等生命周期环境影响评价方法问题，建议将水文模型引入整体评估方法。通过上述角度的提升，生命周期评价方法有望为透水铺装的政策制定、规划设计、施工养护等全过程提供参考数据与优化方案，助力海绵城市建设乃至城市生态系统的良性发展。

REVIEW ON RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF PERMEABLE PAVEMENT BASED ON LIFE CYCLE THINKING

As a typical sponge city infrastructure, permeable pavement has produced various environmental benefits such as urban rainwater reduction and water quality purification. However, in the process of material preparation, construction, maintenance and management, permeable pavement increased resource and energy consumption compared with the traditional pavement. It is urgent to apply the systematic analysis method of life cycle to carry out a comprehensive assessment of the resource and environmental benefits of permeable pavement. Through literature review, this study summarized the status and challenges of LCA application to permeable pavement assessment, and proposed corresponding countermeasures: incorporating the operation and maintenance stage into the boundary of the assessment system will help improve the comprehensiveness of the resource and environmental evaluation of permeable pavement; in view of the fact that the results of LCA are difficult to guide the engineering design, it was suggested to combine LCA with building information model to optimize the green design of permeable pavement; in view of the problems of life cycle environmental impact assessment methods such as the dynamic changes of permeation effect, it was recommended to introduce hydrological models into the overall assessment method. Through the improvement of the above perspective, the LCA method was expected to provide reference and optimization scheme for the whole process of policy-making, planning and design, construction and maintenance of permeable pavement, and help the construction of sponge city and the healthy development of urban ecosystem.