电驱动选择性膜分离技术研究进展

电驱动膜分离将电化学与膜分离技术有机结合，通过调控电场或电极电位强化膜分离效果，有望突破膜污染、选择性分离弱及“trade-off”效应等技术瓶颈，是实现污/废水资源化的有效途径。提出电驱动膜分离概念，将电驱动膜分离分为电控膜分离、电渗析和膜电容去离子等技术类型，重点关注选择性膜分离回收废水中有价物质进而实现废水资源化。首先介绍了电驱动膜分离技术的基础研究进展，然后从膜/电极材料创新和工艺优化等角度对电控膜分离、电渗析和膜电容去离子的研究进展进行回顾和总结，最后从基础研究、材料创新和反应器开发3个方面对该技术未来的发展方向做出展望。

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF ELECTRO-DRIVEN SELECTIVE MEMBRANE SEPARATION TECHNOLOGY

The recovery of resource and energy in sewage and wastewater is an important part of building a low-carbon society. Electro-driven membrane separation is an effective way to realize the resource utilization of sewage and wastewater, which combines electrochemistry with membrane separation technology, and enhances membrane separation effect by adjusting electric field or electrode potential. And it is expected to break through the technical bottlenecks of membrane fouling, weak selective separation and trade-off effect. The concept of electro-driven membrane separation was proposed for the first time, and the electro-driven membrane separation was divided into electrical control membrane separation, electrodialysis and membrane capacitance deionization. This paper focused on the recovery of valuable substances in wastewater via selective membrane separation, so as to realize the recycling of wastewater. Firstly, the basic research progress of electro-driven membrane separation technology was introduced. Then, the research progress of electro-controlled membrane separation, electrodialysis and membrane capacitor deionization was reviewed and summarized from the perspectives of membrane/electrode material innovation and process optimization. Finally, the future development direction of the technology was prospected from three aspects:basic research, material innovation and reactor development.