生物质的热解及生物油提质的研究进展

热解是目前生物质能源化的主要方法，生物质热解技术已得到广泛研究。基于文献资料，总结了不同种类的简单生物质（蛋白质、糖类、木质素）和复杂生物质（藻类、秸秆、木屑和脂类）热解的主要产物，指出了部分产物在不同条件下的产率变化趋势。同时分析了聚合度对纤维素热解产物的影响，对比了纤维素和半纤维素的热解特点，介绍了木质素中的部分基团对其热解的影响，并分析了热解温度、加热速率以及停留时间对藻类、秸秆、木屑和复杂脂类热解产物的影响。最后介绍了2种生物油提质方法（催化加氢和催化裂解）的特点，对于催化裂解中催化剂提质效果进行了归纳总结。

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF BIOMASS PYROLYSIS AND BIO OIL UPGRADING

Pyrolysis is the main way to transform biomass into energy, and the technology of biomass pyrolysis has been widely studied. Based on literatures, the main pyrolysis products of different kinds of simple biomass (protein, carbohydrate, lignin) and complex biomass (algae, straw, sawdust and lipid) were summarized, and the yield change trend of some products under different conditions was pointed out. At the same time, this paper analyzed the influence of polymerization degree on the pyrolysis products of cellulose, compared the pyrolysis characteristics of cellulose and hemicellulose, and introduced the influence of some groups in lignin on its pyrolysis. Then, the impact of pyrolysis temperature, heating rate and residence time on the pyrolysis products of algae, straw, sawdust and complex lipids were analyzed. The characteristics of the two methods (catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic cracking) for improving the quality of bio oil were introduced, and the effect of catalyst in catalytic cracking was summarized.