剩余污泥厌氧消化过程产甲烷抑制技术研究进展

剩余污泥厌氧发酵过程中产生的挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）相比甲烷具有更高的应用价值，因而受到广泛关注。研究发现，通过产甲烷抑制剂可以将厌氧发酵控制在产酸阶段，阻断产甲烷过程，从而实现VFA的大量积累。然而，目前产甲烷抑制剂存在分类不明确、部分产甲烷抑制剂机理研究不够完善等问题。因此，根据抑制产甲烷菌物质的来源和特性，将剩余污泥厌氧消化过程中产甲烷抑制剂分为内源抑制、外源抑制和生物抑制3类，分别阐述了其抑制机理及其对厌氧发酵产酸过程的影响，分析了各种抑制剂的研究现状及不足之处，指出抑制剂的毒性抑制研究和水解机理研究将是今后的研究重点，同时应进一步研究了厌氧发酵系统中微生物之间的竞争关系，明确微生物在剩余污泥厌氧发酵产酸和抑制产甲烷过程中的作用机制。

RESEARCH PROGRESS ON METHANOGENIC INHIBITION TECHNOLOGY DURING ANAEROBIC DIGESTION OF EXCESS SLUDGE

The volatile fatty acid(VFA) produced in the anaerobic fermentation of excess sludge has higher application value than methane, and thus has attracted extensive attention. It was found that the anaerobic fermentation could be controlled in the acid production stage by methanogenic inhibitors, and the methanogenic process could be blocked, so as to achieve a large amount of accumulation of VFA. However, the classification of methanogenic inhibitors is not clear and the mechanism of some methanogenic inhibitors is not perfect. Therefore, according to the sources and characteristics of the substance inhibiting methanogens, methane inhibitors were divided into three categories:endogenous inhibition, exogenous inhibition and biological inhibition. We expounded several inhibitors of inhibition mechanism and the influence of the process of anaerobic fermentation to produce acid, analyzed present research situation and deficiencies of various inhibitors, pointed out that the toxicity of inhibitors inhibit and hydrolysis mechanism research was the research emphasis in the future. The competitive relationship between microorganisms in anaerobic fermentation system should be further studied, the mechanism of microorganisms in the process of acid production, and methane production inhibition by anaerobic fermentation of residual sludge should also be clarified.